: Elmugheera Mohamud Ahmed

Abdelhadi C0620637 AP100023

Saleh Ali Saleh Al- Gahdari AD110233 Mahamat Annour Beyne AP100005
 CONTINENT

1.Malaysia religion 5. Malaysian Chinese

and language language
1.1. Introduction 5.1 Mandarin
2. Malays religion language
2.1. Islamic religion 6. Malaysian Indian
religion
3. Malays language
6.1 Hinduism religion
3.1. Bahasa malayu
7. Malaysia Indian
4. Malaysian Chinese
language
religion
7.1 Tamil language
4.1 Buddhism
religion 8. Conclusion

2
MALASIA
Religion and language

3
INTRODUCTION
 Malaysia is a multi-religious society and Islam is
the official religion enshrined in the Malaysian
constitution. With its multi-racial society
however you find that there are several other
major religions practiced including Christianity,
Buddhism, Hinduism, Taoism and various tribal
religions. Malay is the official language but
English is widely spoken in most parts of the
country. Also common .
4
 INTRODUCTION
 Malaysia has a population of just
over 27 million. As of the last
Population and Housing Census,
60.4 percent of the population
practices Islam; 19.2
percent Buddhism; 9.1
percent Christianity; 6.3
percent Hinduism; and 2.6
percent traditional Chinese
religions.
5
MALAYS RELIGION

6
MALAYS

Islamic religion :
 Islam is the predominant religion of the country and is
recognised as the state's official religion.
 It is practised by about 60 per cent of Malaysians.
 Islam is thought to have been brought to Malaysia
around the 13th century by Arab and Indian traders.
 In the early 15th century the Malacca sultanate ,
commonly considered the first independent state in the
peninsula, was founded.

7
MALAYS
Islamic religion
 Islam came to Malaysia with the Arab and Indian
traders from South India and was not of the more
orthodox Islamic tradition of Arabia. Islam was
adopted peacefully by the coastal trading ports
people of Malaysia and Indonesia, absorbing rather
than conquering existing beliefs.
 As in many Muslim countries, Islam in Malaysia has
seen a significant revival over the past 10 years or
so. It is wise for visitors to be appropriately discreet
in dress and behaviour, particularly on the more
strictly Muslim east coast of the peninsula.

8
MALAYS
Islamic religion:
 Malay ceremonies and beliefs still exhibit pre-
Islamic traditions, but most Malays are ardent
Muslims and to suggest otherwise to a Malay
would cause great offence. With the rise of
Islamic fundamentalism, the calls to introduce
Islamic law and purify the practices of Islam
have increased, but while the Government is
keen to espouse Muslim ideals, it is wary of
religious extremism.

9
MALAYS
 Malacca led to the spread of Islam throughout
the Malay population.
 Although most people in Malaya were Muslim
by the 15th century, the tolerant form of Islam
brought by the Sufi meant that many traditional
practices were incorporated into Islamic
traditions.
 The official code of Islam in Malaysia is Sunni ,
and the practice of any other form of Islam is
heavily restricted. 10
MALAYS
Malay
Malay men
women
traditional
traditional
dress
dress

11
MALAYS
 Sunni Islam: The Sunni Islam of the Shafi'I
school of thought is the official, and legal form
in Malaysia.
 Mosques are an ordinary scene throughout the
country and adhan (call to prayer) from
minarets are heard five times a day.

12
MALAYS
MUSLIMS FESTIVALS AND HOLIDAYS
 There are two main holidays in
Islam, Eid Al-Fitr and Eid Al-Adha.
 Eid Al-Fitr The most important of
these is Hari Raya Puasa (also
called Hari Raya Aidilfitri), which is
the Malay translation of Eid al-Fitri .
 It is generally a festival honoured by
the Muslims worldwide marking the
end of Ramadan, the fasting month.

13
MALAYS
MUSLIMS FESTIVALS AND HOLIDAYS
 Eid Al-Adha :.In addition to Hari Raya
Puasa, they also celebrate Hari Raya Haji
(also called Hari Raya Aidiladha, the
translation of Eid ul-Adha).

14
MALAYS
MUSLIMS FESTIVALS AND HOLIDAYS
 Maulidur Rasul (Birthday of the Prophet): Maulidur
Rasul ("Prophet’s birthday") refers to the birthday of
Prophet Mohamed [peace be upon him ("pbuh")], the last
of the prophets sent to mankind, according to the Muslim
holy book of Al-Quran.
 The Islamic or Muslim calendar (also called the "Hijri"
calendar) is based on the lunar system of 354 days unlike
the western (Gregorian) calendar which is based on the
solar system of 365 days.
 And so the date of the Maulidur Rasul changes every year
under the Gregorian calendar
15
MALAYS
MUSLIMS FESTIVALS AND HOLIDAYS
 Maulidur Rasul (Birthday of the Prophet): The
celebration will renew and strengthen the faith and
kinship of the Muslims in their religion, and to foster
greater friendship ("ukhwah") with everyone whether
Muslims or non-Muslims.

16
MALAYS
 ABOUT MOSQUES AND SURAUS: mosque is
known as "masjid" in Malay. A smaller version of the
mosque, generally known as "musollah" in Arabic, and
normally found further away from the mosque and at little
communes, is known as "surau" in Malay.
 The mosques and suraus are where the daily five-times-a-
day congregational prayers of the Muslims are held.
 The main difference between a mosque and a surau is that
the compulsory afternoon Friday congregational prayers of
Muslims can only be held at the mosque.

17
MALAYS
 About mosque and suraus : So in
Malaysia, suraus are not permitted to do the Friday
afternoon congregational prayers unless they are
upgraded and have received special authorization by
the government authorities.
 Mosques and suraus are not just places of prayer. They
are also places where religious aspects of customs and
traditions are carried out, such as the important akad
nikah (marriage contract) ceremony for Muslim
or Malay weddings.
18
MALAYS
SURAU MOSQUE

19
MALAYS
FAMOUS MOSQUES IN MALAYSIA
 Zahir Mosque: is Kedah's state
mosque. It is located in the heart
of Alor Star, the state capital
of Kedah, Malaysia.
 The mosque was built in 1912, a
contributory effort of YTM
Tunku Mahmud Ibni Almarhum
Sultan Tajuddin Mukarram
ShaH.

20
MALAYS
FAMOUS MOSQUES IN MALAYSIA

 Masjid Jamek: is one of the

oldest mosques in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is
located at the confluence of the Klang and Gombak
River and was designed by Arthur Benison Hubback.
 The Sultan of Selangor officially opened the mosque
in 1909, two years after construction was completed.
 The mosque was built on the first Malay burial ground
in the city.

21
MALAYS
FAMOUS MOSQUES IN MALAYSIA
 Masjid Jamek:

22
MALAYS
FAMOUS MOSQUES IN MALAYSIA
 Masjid Negara: The National Mosque of Malaysia is
located in Kuala Lumpur. It has a capacity of 15,000 people
and is situated among 13 acres (53,000 m2) of beautiful
gardens.

23
MALAYS
FAMOUS MOSQUES IN MALAYSIA
 Putra Mosque:The Putra Mosque,
or Masjid Putra in Malay language, is
the principal mosque
of Putrajaya, Malaysia. Construction of
the mosque began in 1997 and was
completed two years later.
 It is located next to Perdana Putra which
houses the Malaysian Prime Minister's
office and man-made Putrajaya Lake. In
front of the mosque is a large square
with flagpoles flying Malaysian states'
flags.
24
MALAYS LANGUAGE

25
MALAYS
 Language :The official language of
Malaysia is known as Bahasa Malaysia. It is a
standardised form of the Malay language.
 Malay is an Austronesia language spoken in
Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Brunei and
Thailand. The total number of speakers of
Standard Malay is about 18 million. There are
also about 170 million people who speak
Indonesian, which is a form of Malay.

26
MALAYS
 Origen : There are many hypotheses as to
where the Malay language originated. One of
these is that it came from Sumatra island.
 The oldest inscriptions in Malay, date from the
end of the 7th century AD, were found
on Bangka Island off the south-eastern coast of
Sumatra (the Kedukan Bukit Inscription) and
in Palembang in southern Sumatra.

27
MALAYS
 InMalaysia, the 1957 Article 152 of the
Federation adopted Johor (Malacca) Malay as
the official language (Bahasa Malaysia). The
name "Malaysia", in both language and country,
emphasized that the nation consisted of more
than just ethnic Malays. In 1986 the official
name was changed to Bahasa Melayu, but in
2007 it was changed back.

28
MALAYS
 Some Malay dialects, however, show only
limited mutual intelligibility with the standard
language; for
example, Kelantanese or Sarawakian
pronunciation is difficult for many fellow
Malaysians to understand, while Indonesian
contains many words unfamiliar to speakers of
Malaysian, some because
of Javanese, Sundanese or other local
language influence, and some because of slang.
29
MALAYS
 Writing system: Malay is normally written
using the Latin script (Rumi), although
an Arabic alphabet called Jawi also exists.
 Historically, Malay has been written using
various scripts. Before the introduction of Arabic
script in the Malay region, Malay was written
using Pallava, Kawi and Rencong script and
these are still in use today by the champa
Malay in Vietnam and Cambodia.

30
MALAYSIAN CHINESE
Religion and
language
31
MALAYSIAN CHINESE
religion

32
CHINESE
 Buddhism is the second largest
religion in Malaysia,
after Islam, with 19.2% of
Malaysia's population being
Buddhist although some
estimates put that figure up to
21.6% when combined with
Chinese religions.
 Buddhism in Malaysia is
mainly practised by the
ethnic Malaysian Chinese.
33
CHINESE
 History: The founder of Buddhism in this
world was Buddha Shakyamuni who lived
and taught in India some two and a half
thousand years ago. Since then millions of
people around the world have followed the
pure spiritual path he revealed.
 Buddhism: was introduced to
the Malays and also to the people of
the Malay Archipelago as early as 200
BCE.

34
CHINESE
BUDDHIST FESTIVALS AND HOLIDAYS

 Vesak: Buddha's Birthday is

known as Vesak and is one of
the major festivals of the year. It
is celebrated on the first full
moon day in May, it is actually
observation of the birth,
enlightenment and death
(parinirvana) of the historical
Buddha.
35
CHINESE
Buddhists in Malaysia celebrate Buddha's birthday

36
CHINESE
BUDDHIST FESTIVALS AND HOLIDAYS
 Qing Ming festival: which means clear and
bright in Chinese, falls on April Chinese
calendar .
 It is both the fifth term in the traditional lunar
calendar and a festival to hold memorial
ceremony for the dead.
 It is a time to express one's grief for his lost
relatives.
 People often go to sweep and weed graves with
whole family and take a walk in the countryside
as well. 37
QING MING FESTIVAL:

38
CHINESE
BUDDHIST FESTIVALS AND HOLIDAYS
 Dragon Boat Festival:
Celebrated on the 5th day of
the fifth month of the Chinese
Lunar Calendar. This festival
commemorates a great patriot
and poet in China named Qu
Yuan. A righteous man who
protested against the evils of
corruption.
39
CHINESE
BUDDHIST TEMPLES IN MALAYSIA
 Buddhist Maha Vihara, Brickfields: is
a Buddhist site founded by the Sinhalese community
based in the areas surrounding Kuala Lumpur to
provide a place of worship in the Budhist tradition.
 The Buddhist Maha Vihara’s growth and flourish
over the past 50 years is attributed to the guidance
and efforts of Ven. Dr. K. Sri Dhammananda
whose vision is to enable a Malaysian
Buddhist community to practice their beliefs in a
caring and sufficient environment.

40
BUDDHIST MAHA VIHARA TEMPLE

41
CHINESE
BUDDHIST TEMPLES IN MALAYSIA
 Kek Lok Si Temple: The sprawling
Buddhist temple of Kek Lok Si climbs up a
hillside near the village of Air Itam, now really a
suburb of Georgetown.
 The temple was begun in 1890 and, from all
appearances, construction really hasn't ever
stopped.
 The temple is supposedly the largest in
Malaysia.
42
43
MALAYSIAN CHINESE
LANGUAGE

44
CHINESE
 Mandarin language: a variety of Mandarin
Chinese (官話) spoken in Malaysia by ethnic
Chinese in Malaysia.
 The majority of ethnic Chinese people living in
Malaysia came from China during
the Ming and Qing dynasties, between the 15th
and early 20th centuries.
 Most Han Chinese speak one of the many
Chinese dialects, which include Mandarin,
Cantonese, and Hokkien. Although the dialects
are very similar, the speakers of one Chinese
dialect cannot understand the speakers of
another. 45
CHINESE
 Mandarin language: Malaysian Mandarin
speakers seldom translate local terms or names
to Mandarin when they speak. They would
prefer to say Malay place name in its original
Malay pronounciation, for instance, even though
the street name "Jalan Bukit Kepong" is written
as 惹兰武吉甲洞 (rělán wǔjí jiǎdòng) in local
Chinese printed media, the local Chinese almost
never use "rělán wǔjí jiǎdòng" in daily
conversations.
46
 MALAYSIAN INDIAN
LANGUAGE AND
RELIGION
47
MALAYSIAN INDIAN

Religion

48
INDIAN
 Hinduism: Hinduism is a
minority religion in Malaysia.
An estimated 6.3% of the total
population of Malaysia are
ethnic Indians, of whom 76%
are practicing Hinduism.
 Most of the ethnic Indians
are Tamils from the south
Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

49
INDIAN
 Hinduism in Malaysia is in general similar to the
Hinduism in India, although certain aspects are
amplified while others are played down. Lord
Muruga, the quintessential Tamil deity, is
perhaps the most popular Hindu gods in
Malaysia, with Ganesha, Shiva and Amman also
worshipped in large numbers.

50
INDIAN
 The Shaivite branch of Hinduism is predominant
in Malaysia, although Vaishnavism also has an
important representation especially with the
recent revival of the Hare Krishna movement in
the country.
 Village deities, folk beliefs and animal sacrifice
are also important features of Hinduism in
Malaysia.

51
INDIAN
 Despite the increase in mainstream, Vedantic
Hindu practices, the lesser deities such as
Madurai Veeran, Sangili Karuppan and other
village deities are widely worshipped in
Malaysia.
 Animal sacrifices are practices in temples
dedicated to these lesser deities as they are
generally prohibited in temples dedicated to the
Vedantic gods.
52
INDIAN
Hindu Festivals in Malaysia:
 Hindu festivals like Thaipusam and Deepavali are
observed in a large scale across the country, and are
public holidays in Malaysia. Thaipusam, dedicated to
Lord Muruga, is celebrated every year in January or
February in hilltop temples and draw large crowds of the
faithful.
 The most famous celebrations are held in Batu
Caves in Kuala Lumpur, drawing an estimated
one million people annually as well as tens of
thousands of tourists from all over the world.
Thannir Malai in Penang is also very popular for
its Thaipusam celebrations.
53
INDIAN
 Hindu Festivals in Malaysia:
 Thaipusam: Celebrated by Hindus on the tenth
month of the Hindus calendar. It is believed on
this day the stars, Pusan and Brihaspati are
united into one.
 It is a celebration of the birthday of Lord
Subramaniam, also known as Lord Muruga, the
youngest son of Lord Shiva. Before this day,
Hindus usually prepare themselves by fasting,
dieting on certain food and maintaining self-
discipline. 54
INDIAN
 Hindu Festivals in Malaysia:
 Thaipusam: A huge procession of penitents in an
atmosphere electric with drumming and
chanting.
 Skewers fastened metal hooks, spikes on their
body including tongues, cheeks and nipples
defying all sense of pain. A fire walking
ceremony is also demonstrated in some temples.

55
INDIAN
 Hindu Festivals in Malaysia:
 Thaipusam celebration: The crowds at all venues
are huge, especially in Batu Caves.

56
INDIAN
 Hindu Festivals in Malaysia:
 Deepavali: Diwali falls on the one new moon
night between mid-October and mid-November.
This year it was on 26th October 2011. Diwali is
celebrated for five days according to the
lunisolar Hindu Calendar.
 It begins in late Ashvin (between September and
October) and ends in early Kartika (between
October and November).

57
INDIAN
Hindu Festivals in Malaysia:
Deepavali celebration:

58
INDIAN
Hinduism
 There have been Hindu influences in Malaysia since
the dawn of history, but the Hinduism of the Hindu
period in Malaysian history has title connection with
the Hinduism practiced in the country today.
Brahmanical Hinduism which flourished at the courts
of petty Malaysian states before the coming of Islam
in the 15th century was an aristocratic used to bolster
the authority of the ruling class, which was carried
across the Indian Ocean by early Hindu traders. Relics
and remains from this period have also been found, 59
principally in Kedah.
 MALAYSIAN INDIAN
LANGUAGE

60
INDIAN

 Malaysian Indians are a group of

Malaysians largely descended from those who
migrated from southern India during the British
colonization of Malaya. Prior to British
colonization, Tamils had been conspicuous in the
archipelago much earlier, especially since the
period of the powerful South India kingdom of
the Cholas in the 11th century. By that time,
Tamils were among the most important trading
peoples of maritime Asia.
61
INDIAN
Tamil language:
 Tamil Malaysian or Malaysian Tamil refer to
the Malaysians of Tamil ethnic origin
from India and Sri Lanka in Malaysia.
 They make up over 70% of the Indian Malaysian
population group in Malaysia.
 Although bulk of the migration happened during
the British colonial period there were established
Tamil communities spanning a millennia

62
INDIAN
 Origin:Prior to British colonization, Tamils had
been conspicuous in the archipelago much earlier,
especially since the period of the powerful South
India kingdom of the Cholas in the 11th century.
 By that time, Tamils were among the trading
peoples of maritime Asia. Although bulk of these
immigrants to South East Asia had assimilated with
the majority Malay ethnic group some communities
such as the Tamil Muslims and the Malacca
Chittys are remnants of these earlier migration
history.

63
CONCLUSION
 One of the unique features of Malaysia is its multi-
racial population which practises various religions
such as Islam, Buddhism, Taoism, Hinduism and
Christianity. Each ethnic group has its own beliefs.
Under the Federal Constitution, Islam is the official
religion of Malaysia but there is freedom of
worship.
The Malay Language is the national language of the
country. However, the people are free to use their
mother tongue and other languages. English as the
second language is widely used in business.
64
65