diplomacy

Why is How is
What is
diplomacy diplomacy
diplomacy
necessary practiced
 WHAT IS DIPLOMACY?

• The most widely accepted definition was by British

diplomat Harold Nicholson who wrote in 1939that
diplomacy refers to “the management of international
relations by negotiation… by ambassadors and envoys”.
• Adam Watson (1987)
“ the diplomatic dialogue is the instrument of international
society; a civilized process based on awareness and
respect for other people’s point of view; and also
because of the continuous exchange of ideas, and the
attempt to find mutually acceptable solutions to conflicts
of interests increase that awareness and respect”
COMMON THEME OF DIPLOMACY

• An instrument of foreign policy used to achieve certain

goals that are vital to a state.
- It is communication between different parties with the
goal of reaching agreement on an issue or on a basis
for state interaction.
- Diplomacy is how countries use communications to
manage their external/international relations.
- The ability to assert your ideas or opinions, knowing
what to say and how to say it without damaging the
relationship(s)
 PURPOSE OF DIPLOMACY

• Diplomatic relations aims to:-

- promote common interests and to resolve conflicting
issues/interests in a peaceful manner.

• The reason countries are willing to meet and discuss

about common interests or problems is to avoid war.
 THE GOAL OF DIPLOMACY

• To further the states’ interest as conditioned by

geography, history and economics
• Safeguarding the states independence, security
and integrity is of prime importance; preserving the
wildest possible freedom of action for the state is
nearly as important
• Beyond that, diplomacy seeks maximum national
advantage without using force and preferably
without causing resentment
 WHY IS DIPLOMACY NECESSARY

• Countries are interconnected (why did this happen? Is it

unavoidable?)
a) Trade
b) Economy
c) Defence
d) Politics
- keeps relations better and closer
- allows countries to promote and pursue mutual interests;
to cooperate with one another to solve common
problems and
- helps resolve conflicts and disagreements peacefully
HOW IS DIPLOMACY PRACTICED?

International
relations

diplomacy

Regional Bilateral
relations relations
 BILATERAL RELATIONS

• Bi- involves two countries

• Lateral – cross
• Bilateral = establishes diplomatic ties with another
country
• Involved diplomats are involved and signing of
treaties
• Malaysia acquires advanced technological skills
from trading with the following countries;
a) US
b) Japan
c) Germany
TRUMP: GREAT HONOR TO HAVE NAJIB IN
WHITE HOUSE AND US – NST, 12 SEPT 2017
MSIA GET NEW CHINA SECURITY EQUIPMENT
– THE DIPLOMAT, 28 SEPT 2017
 REGIONAL RELATIONS

• How do we create?
- Through formation of an association with countries
in the same region
- The association becomes stronger when the
strengths of the member nations are combined
- It will be in a better position to deal with other
countries/associations
 WHY WAS ASEAN FORMED?

- Border conflict between Vietnam, Laos &

Cambodia
- Philippines & Malaysia claims over Sabah
- Difficult relations between Malaysia & Singapore
after separation
- Internal unrest in Indonesia after change of
president
 ASEAN FTA

Education &
Professional
ASEAN Exchanges
Initiatives Econ
Cooperation
& Assistance

ARF
COOPERATION VS TRANSNATIONAL CRIME
REACHED DURING ASEAN MEETING , PPINE
INQUIRER, 21 SEPTEMBER 2017
 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

• Involve ties among many countries and groupings

throughout the world
 The Security
Council
Econ & Social

United Nations
Council
General
Assembly

Trusteeship

Council

Int. Court of
Justice

Secretariat
 MALAYSIA & UN

• Msia was elected to serve as non permanent

member of Security Council for 2 years
• UN Peacekeeping Force - A way to help conflict-
torn countries to create conditions for long term
peace.
-Involves peacemaking, peacekeeping, humanitarian
assistance, military duties, elections, human rights
monitoring
MALAYSIAN BATTALION (MALBATT) AT UN
INTERIM FORCE IN LEBANON 2009
 INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS

• 2012 – Malaysia Peacekeeping contingent in Tibnin

(Lebanon) (MALBATT)
- Malaysia’s involvement in UNIFIL (UN Interim Forces
in Lebanon)
• 2011 - Malaysian Armed Forces Medical Team’s
humanitarian mission in Bamiyan, Afghanistan.
- The contingent provided healthcare and taught
the locals on healthcare and the importance of
sanitation
GAIN WORLD RECOGNITION AND
RESPECT
IF DIPLOMACY FAILS?
WHICH LEADS TO THIS
AND BECAUSE WE’RE
INTERCONNECTED
SO ALTHOUGH WE MAY SAY THIS
IN REALITY, ARE WE WILLING FOR THIS
TO HAPPEN