Anoestrous

• Anoestrus is a broad term that indicates the lack of oestrus

expression at an expected time
On the basis of corpus luteum (CL)
• Presence of functional corpus luteum (functional anoestrus or
apparent anoestrus).
• Anoestrus due to pregnancy
• Anoestrus due to pyometra
• Anoestrus due to mummified foetus
• Silent heat or weak heat
Absence of functional corpus luteum (true anoestrus)
The ovaries are quiescent, inactive and do not have any functional CL,
This condition is referred to as true anoestrus. This may be due to:
• Malnutrition
• Lactational stress
• Seasonal stress
• Senility
• Prepubertal anoestrus
• Delayed puberty - due to undernutrition
• Abnormal reproductive tract - Freemartins, hermaphrodites,
segmental aplasia of paramesonephric duct and ovarian hypoplasia.
• Lameness
Postpartum anoestrus
• Physiological anoestrus for 2-3 weeks after parturition.
• Lactational stress.
• Nutritional effects such as negative energy balance and deficiency of
micro nutrients.
• Uterine diseases such as RFM, metritis, pyometra etc.
• Chronic debilitating diseases such as leg injuries, displaced
abomasum or hardware disease.
Post service anoestrus
• Pregnancy.
• Pyometra.
• Luteal cyst
• Silent oestrus
TREATMENT
1. Deworming with appropriate drug e.g. Albendazole, Fenbendazole
2. Mineral mixture supplement action for one month
3. Phosphorus injection
4. Gentle ovarian massage and painting of external os with Lugol's
iodine on alternate day three times
5. CLOMIPHENE CITRATE
7. HORMONAL THERAPY
• Administration of GnRH analogues
• Administration of eCG or PMSG
• Administration of progesterone
• Intramuscular oily preparation of progesterone injection
• PRID or CIDR device
• Subcutaneous ear implant of norgestomet
• Oestrogens administration
• Treatment of silent heat:
• Inject anyone PGF2u analogue when active CL remain present and do double
AI after 48-72 hrs.