Introduction to

Microprocessor
and Digital
Electronics and
Lab

By Hrishikesh Mandviwala
 K-Map

Basic Structures of K-map

 Structures Of K-Map
• The K-Map is an array of cells in which each cells
represents a binary value of a input variables.
• The cells are arranged in a way so that simplification of a
given expression is simply a matter of properly grouping
the cells.
• K-Map can be used for expressions with 2,3,4&more
variables.
• The number of cells in K-map is equal to the total number
of a possible input variables combinations as in the
number of rows in truth table.For example:-
• For 2 variables the number of cells is 4 which is 𝟐𝟐 , Same
as other like for 3 variables the number of cells is 8 which
is 𝟐𝟑 ,and for 4 variables the number of cells is 16 which is
𝟐𝟒
 The 2-
variables K-
Map

The 2-Variables K-map is an

array of 4 cells ,
 The 3-
variables K-
Map

The 3-Variables K-map is an

array of 8 cells .
 The 4-
variables K-
Map

The 4-Variables K-map is an

array of 16 cells .
Examples of mapping in K-map
SOP FORM:-

Q1:- Z= ∑A,B,C(1,3,6,7)
Examples of mapping in K-map
SOP FORM:-

K-map of 3 variables-
Z= ∑A,B,C(1,3,6,7)

From the red group we get the

product A’C.
From the green group we get
the product AB.

After sum of two products we will

get final expression ie (A’C+AB).
Examples of mapping in K-map
SOP FORM:-

Q2:- F(P,Q,R,S)=∑(0,2,5,7,8,10,13,15)
Examples of mapping in K-map
SOP FORM:-

K-map of 4 variables-
F= ∑P,Q,R,S(0,2,5,7,8,10,
13,15).

From the red group we get the

product QS.
From the green group we get
the product Q’S’.

After sum of two products we will

get final expression ie (QS+Q’S’).
Thank You