Put these stages into the correct order. Remember - it’s a cycle! What happens at each stage?
Gap 1 (G1 phase) Anaphase Prophase
Telophase Synthesis(S-phase)
Cytokinesis Metaphase Gap 2 (G2 phase)
The Cell Cycle Mitosis is only a small part of the ‘life’ of a cell. The process from one cell division to the next is known as the cell cycle.
There are 4 parts to the cell cycle:
Gap 1 These stages are all parts of Synthesis interphase. Gap 2 Mitosis Cancer What is it? Uncontrolled cell division, caused by a genetic mutation.
Tumours are masses of cells dividing by
uncontrolled mitosis. They can be benign or malignant. Control of cell division Cells divide to ensure that dead or damaged cells are replaced. The rate of cell division is controlled by two genes:
Proto-oncogene – stimulates cell division.
Tumour suppressor gene –
slows or inhibits cell division.
In normal cells the activities of these
two genes is balanced, however if a mutation occurs in one of these genes problems can arise.
Oncogenes If a point mutation occurs in a proto-oncogene it can form an oncogene. This can stimulate excessive cell division, leading to the formation of a tumour.
If a point mutation occurs in
a tumour suppressor gene it can become inactivated. This allows the rate of cell division to increase unregulated.
Cancer What is it? Uncontrolled cell division, caused by a genetic mutation.
How does this relate to the cell cycle?
If a drug interferes with the cell cycle, we can interrupt cell division. How could drugs interrupt the cell cycle? Examples: - inhibition of DNA polymerase - binding to DNA to prevent binding of DNA polymerase - prevention of spindle formation - inhibition of helicase Q9 Jan 2010 BIOL2 Q9 Jan 2010 BIOL2 Q9 Jan 2010 BIOL2 Q9 Jan 2010 BIOL2