Patofisiologi

Insomnia
 Pendahuluan
Insomnia merupakan suatu gangguan tidur yang terjadi jika
pasien lansia tidur < 4 jam dalam sehari

Pasien akan sulit tidur dan tidur kembali saat terjaga

Pasien biasanya akan terbangun di malam hari kurang lebih

25x dan meningkat seiring bertambahnya umur

Terjadi akibat menurunnya kadar melatonin

 Fisiologi Tidur
Fase-fase tidur :
1. NREM ( Non Rapid Eyes Movement )
2. REM ( Rapid Eyes Movement )
 NREM
TAHAP 1 TAHAP 2
Tidur ringan
Sadar  Tidur
proses tubuh menurun

TAHAP 3 TAHAP 4
Keadaan rileks
Keadaan fisik menurun Fisik lemah lunglai
susah dibangunkan Sulit dibangunkan
Penurunan denyut jantung dan nafas
 REM

MIMPI

Durasi mimpi 90 menit

Apa yang terjadi pada insomnia ?

Melatonin
 NREM
TAHAP 1 TAHAP 2
Tidur ringan
Sadar  Tidur
proses tubuh menurun

TAHAP 3 TAHAP 4
Keadaan rileks
Keadaan fisik menurun Fisik lemah lunglai
susah dibangunkan Sulit dibangunkan
Penurunan denyut jantung dan nafas
 REM

MIMPI
• REM sleep (ie, paradoxical desynchronized sleep) is the stage of sleep
during which muscle tone decreases markedly; this stage is associated
with bursts of conjugate gaze and dreaming. Relative amounts of REM
sleep are maintained until extreme old age, when they show some
decline.
• Non-REM sleep is subdivided into 4 stages. Stages 1 and 2 constitute light
sleep, and stages 3 and 4 are called deep sleep or [#OLE_LINK1]slow-wave
sleep (SWS). With aging, an increase in the duration of stage 1 sleep and
an increase in the number of shifts into stage 1 sleep occur. Stages 3 and 4
decrease markedly with age; in extreme old age (>90 years), stages 3 and
4 may disappear completely. Some studies, however, have found that
elderly women tend to have normal or even increased stage 3 sleep,
whereas men have normal or reduced stage 3 sleep.