William Gilbert

name of group members :

1. Anita Dewi Puspita S
2. Ersa Yuni Lutsianita
3. Ira zulfia
4. M. Solehudin
 William Gilbert is a British scientist and a doctor who is
touted as the 'father of electricity and magnetism'. This man was
born on May 24, 1544. He was education at Cambridge University
and obtained his bachelor's degree in 1561 and then continued his
studies, earning a Masters degree and finally received his doctorate
in 1569.
 Gilbert william conducted experiments for approximately
17 years to clarify his understanding of the compass and the
phenomenon of magnetism. He also collaborated with everyone
from the captain and navigator of the ship to the compass maker.
He found a way to create magnets from ordinary metal by rubbing
them with magnets, he learned how to strengthen magnets. He
realized that magnets lose their ability when exposed to high
temperatures. When he observed that magnetic forces often
produced circular motions, he began to relate magnetic phenomena
to the rotation of the Earth. This led to his discovery of Earth's
magnetism, and provided a theoretical basis for the science of
geomagnetism.
 In 1599 he became President of the Royal College of
Physicians, a board of trustees who oversaw the practice of
medicine throughout the greater London area.The following year
1600, proved to be the most important in his life. Gilbert was
appointed palace doctor to Queen Elizabeth and he published the
book De Magnete.
Written by Gilbert entirely in Latin, this book presents the
results of his extensive research on the nature of magnetism and
electricity, with this book making all previous theories solved. then
the existence of the book brings a new knowledge and becomes
phenomenal. 'De Magnete' was published in 1600 and was quickly
accepted as the standard work on electrical and magnetic
phenomena throughout Europe. In it, Gilbert distinguished between
magnetism and static (known as the amber effect). He also
compared the magnet's polarity to the polarity of the Earth, and
developed an entire magnetic philosophy on this analogy.
 Gilbert's findings suggested that magnetism was the soul
of the Earth, and that a perfectly spherical lodestone, when aligned
with the Earth's poles, would spin on its axis, just as the Earth spins
on its axis over a period of 24 hours. Gilbert was in fact debunking
the traditional cosmologists' belief that the Earth was fixed at the
centre of the universe, and he provided food for thought for Galileo.
Gilbert's new idea inspired astronomer Galileo, who built the Gilbert
concept to later show that the earth orbits around the sun.