VECTORs

Rini Kurniasih
 Terminal Point.
Q R
Definition of
Vector.
Vector has
magnitude Initial Point.
P
S
(size) and
direction.
PQ RS
Position Vectors (Notation).
 Q
R 4

𝒂
5 –4
𝒃

P 3 S

PQ = 𝑎Ԧ = RS =𝑏=
Column Notation.
 Q
x2 , y2 
Terminal Point

How can we find

the magnitude if
we have the
initial point and
the terminal Initial Point
point?
x1 , y1 
P Use the Distance Formula
or the
Pythagorean Theorem
 To do computations with vectors, we place them in the plane
and find their components.

Components (5,6)
v
(2,2)
 The initial point is the tail, the head is the terminal point. The
components are obtained by subtracting coordinates of the
initial point from those of the terminal point.

Components (5,6)
v
(2,2)
 The first component of v is 5 -2 = 3.
The second is 6 -2 = 4.
We write v = 3,4
Components (5,6)
v
(2,2)
 The magnitude of the vector is the length of
the segment, it is written |v|

|v| = 𝒙𝟐 − 𝒙𝟏 𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝒚𝟏 𝟐

Magnitude (5,6)
v
(2,2)
Find the Direction
Component, Component Magnitude
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Direction and math/geometry/find- math/geometry/find-
math/precalculus/det
the-component-form- ermine-the-direction-
magnitude of of-a-vector
the-magnitude-of-a-
vector
of-a-vector-scalar-
multiple
Vectors
The negative of
v
a vector is just a
vector going the
opposite way. v
A number
multiplied in
front of a vector
is called a
scalar. It means
3v v
to take the v
vector and add
together that v
many times.
 Given a real number c, we can multiply a vector
by c by multiplying its magnitude by c:

Multiples of 2v -2v
v
Vectors

Notice that multiplying a vector by a

negative real number reverses the direction.
 Adding Vectors
The vector starting at the tail of A and ending at the
head of B is C, the sum (or resultant) of A and B.

Addition of
Vectors
- C  A B
Triangle Law A
B
 Adding Vectors
The vector starting at the tail of A and ending at the
head of B is C, the sum (or resultant) of A and B.

Adding Vectors B
- C  A B
Triangle
A
C
  Two vectors can be added using the
Parallelogram Law

Adding Vectors
-
Parallelogram u+v
u
v
Exercise.  Triangle  Parallelogram
Graph a  https://www.ixl.com/math/ge  https://www.ixl.com/math/ge
ometry/graph-a-resultant- ometry/graph-a-resultant-
resultant vector-using-the-triangle- vector-using-the-
vectors method parallelogram-method
Vectors
Operation
Properties of
Vector
Operations
Unit Vectors
 1. Given : ABCD.EFGH is a cube. Evaluate vector 𝑎Ԧ + 𝑏 if given that
a. 𝑎Ԧ = 𝐴𝐵 and 𝑏 = 𝐸𝐻
b. 𝑎Ԧ = 𝐴𝐵 and 𝑏 = 𝐷𝐻
c. 𝑎Ԧ = 𝐵𝐶 and 𝑏 = 𝐷𝐻
2. Given : ABCD.EFGH is a cube where 𝑎Ԧ = 𝐴𝐵, 𝑏 = 𝐴𝐷 and 𝑐Ԧ = 𝐴𝐸. Find
the result of the following operation:
a. 𝑎Ԧ − 𝑏
b. 𝑎Ԧ + 𝑏 + 𝑐Ԧ
Exercise c. 𝑎Ԧ + 𝑏 − 𝑐Ԧ
d. 𝑎Ԧ − 𝑏 + 𝑐Ԧ
3. Given ABCD is parallelogram with the origin 𝑂, 𝐴𝐵 = 𝑎Ԧ and 𝐴𝐷 = 𝑏.
Notate the following vector in the form of 𝑎Ԧ and 𝑏
a. 𝐵𝐶 =
b. 𝐶𝐷
c. 𝐴𝐶
d. 𝐵𝐷
e. 𝐴𝑂
10. Declare the
vectors which are
located in the
figure below in the
form of a line
vector 𝑟Ԧ = 𝑟1 , 𝑟2
and the form of a
column vector
𝑟1
𝑟Ԧ = 𝑟 .
2