The water cycle.

The amount of water on Earth is always the

same, the water changes state.

Water cycle: the continuous movement of water

between the oceans, the atmosphere and the
Earth.
Seawater and
continental waters:
 Seawater
 forms 97% of the water on Earth

 found in oceans and seas

 saltwater

 Continental water:
 less than 3% of the Earth’s water.

 found in rivers, lakes, the ice and snow in

glaciers and as groundwater.

 fresh water
Rivers
Introduction
The course of a river
The flow of a river

To flow into (v): desembocar

To flow through (V): discurrir
Introduction:
It is formed by precipitation, or melting ice and snow.
The river flows all the way from it source to the river
mouth.
Parts:
Source: the beginning
Course: the path
Mouth: the end
The course of a river:
The upper course (near the source).

The middle course

The lower course (near the river mouth)

Middle course
Meanders
Lower course
Alluvial plain Estuary
Lower course
Delta
The flow of a river:
Regular water flow

Irregular water flow

 rivers fed by melting ice and snow (spring)

 rivers fed by high precipitation (rainy season)
Lakes
Sources of water:

 Precipitation
 Rivers, groundwater and melting ice from glaciers.
Groundwater
¼ of the Earth’s fresh water.

Comes from precipitation: rainfall filters through the

soil until it meets a layer of impermeable rock.

Valuable resource.

Danger of be overexploited.
Glaciers
Ice caps and glaciers hold most of the Earth’s fresh
water.
Oceans and seas

Hold nearly all the world’s liquid water.

Salinity and evaporation.
Water is in continual movement :
 Ocean currents: warm or cold currents (related to the
climate)
 Tides: high tide and low tide.
 Waves