RATE OF

REACTION
RATE OF REACTION

Rate of reaction in Chemical kinematics is

studied to see how fast reaction take place.

COLLISION THEORY

reactant → product
 COLLISION THEORY

• Chemical reactions happen when reactants collide with one

another.
• The frequency of collision among the reactants determines
the rate of reaction between the molecules of the reactants.
• Collision theory of chemical kinetics, the greater frequency
of collisions, the higher rate of reaction.
COLLISION THEORY

• Collisions resulting in a reaction to form a product

called effective collision.
• When molecules collide some of their K.E. is
converted to vibrational energy.
• A minimum amount of energy called activation
energy will initiate a chemical reaction.
THE RATE OF REACTION OF THE REACTANTS

a) reactant concentration
b) Increase in temperature
c) Increase in the surface area of a solid reactant
d) Property oriented molecules collision
REACTANT CONCENTRATION

• The higher concentration of the reactants affects

the rate of reaction.

• This results in an increase in the no. of effective

collision.
REACTANT
CONCENTRATION
INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE

• When the temperature becomes higher, molecules

of the reactants move faster.

• This factor increase the no. of effective collision and

an increase in rate of reaction.
INCREASE IN
TEMPERATURE
INCREASE IN THE SURFACE AREA OF A SOLID REACTANT

• The surface area of a solid reactants affect the rate

of reaction of the reactants.
• With greater surface area, the molecules of the
reactants can collide more frequently, thereby
resulting in greater number of effective collisions
and an increase in reaction rates.
INCREASE IN THE
SURFACE AREA OF
A SOLID
REACTANT
PROPERTY
ORIENTED
MOLECULES
COLLISION

MOLECULES MUST BE
ORIENTED SUCH THAT IT
FAVORS REACTION.
THE ROLE OF CATALYSTS IN REACTION RATES

A Catalyst is a substance that increases the rate

of reaction without itself being consumed.

The overall reaction for the decomposition of H & O

2H2O2 2H2O + O2
 TYPES OF
CATALYSTS
HOMOGENEOUS CATALYSIS - Reactants and the catalyst
are dispersed in a single phase usually a liquid.

HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSIS – Reactants and the catalyst

are in different phases. Usually a solid and the reactant is
liquid or gas.

BIOLOGICAL CATALYSIS - Enzymes are biological catalysts.

Enzyme catalysts is usually in homogeneous because the
substrate and enzyme are present in aqueous solution.
CHEMICAL
CHANGE
CHEMICAL CHANGE

• An object made of iron rusts when exposed to oxygen and water

in air.
• When you drop an antacid tablet in water, you do not fail to
notice the pissing and bubbling when gas is released from its
reaction in water.
• In driving a car, gasoline burns when it reacts with oxygen and
produces CO2, H2O and energy to make it move.
CHEMICAL EQUATION

• In cooking adobo, assembling a bicycle, building a model

plane, or preparing a recipe for pancake, you follow a set of
directions.
• In chemistry, a chemical equation is needed to find the
amount of materials (reactants) that you need and the new
substance (product) to be formed.
CHEMICAL EQUATION
React to form

Reactants Products
milk + eggs + pancake mix pancake
2cups of rice + 2cups of water 4cups of boiled rice

CH4 + 2O2 CO2 + 2H2O

CHEMICAL REACTION

1. Zn + HCl ZnCl2 + H2

2. Na + 2HCl NaCl + H2

3. Pb(OH)4 + H2SO4 Pb(SO4)2 + H2O

1. H2 + Cl2 → HCl
2. Fe + Cl2 → 2FeCl3
3. 4NO2 + H2O + O2 → HNO3
4. C4H8 + O2 → 4CO2 + H2O
5. BaSO4 + NaCl → Na2SO4 + BaCl2
Thank you 