GINGIVOSTOMATITIS IN CATS

PRESENTED BY :
YULI ALEXANDRA ROJAS TAFUR
 GENERALITIES

• CGS AFFECTS 0.7% TO 10% OF THE GENERAL CAT POPULATION.

• WHEN GINGIVOSTOMATITIS WAS FIRST DESCRIBED, PUREBRED CATS WERE
REPORTED TO BE AT GREATER RISK.
• MULTIFACTORIAL, NO SPECIFIC BACTERIA IS ASSOCIATED WITH THIS
CONDITION.
CAT ORAL ANATOMY
 INFLAMMATION PROCESS

saliva
immune
innate epithelial tissues
system
crevicular fluid

adaptive

 Ig G
celular humoral antibodies  Ig M
 Ig A
 Linfocitos B  Linfocitos T
Fluido crevicular
IMMUNOPATHOLOGY OF THE DISEASE
ANSWER TH 1

LYMPHOPLASMACYTIC PROLIFERATION
 POSSIBLE CAUSES

• VIF
• ViLeF
• FELINE CALICIVIRUS
• BARTONELLA HENSELAE (BACTERIUM)
• IN SHORT, ITS ETIOLOGY IS CONTROVERSIAL, BUT IT SEEMS TO HAVE A STRONG IMMUNE
COMPONENT.
IDENTIFICATION
This figure by Emily Mills Ko
• A COMPLETE EXAMINATION UNDER GENERAL ANESTHESIA INCLUDING FULL MOUTH
RADIOGRAPHS IS THE ONLY WAY TO DETERMINE THE TRUE EXTENT OF ORAL PATHOLOGY.

• LABORATORY TESTS SHOULD INCLUDE:

• PCR
• BIOPSY
• PRESENCE OF DENTOBACTERIAL PLAQUE (PILL DEVELOPER )
 TREATMENT
For those cats that eat hard food as their sole diet, a transition
to canned food is needed prior to surgery.
 PAIN MANAGEMENT
PAIN MANAGEMENT IS RECOMMENDED, NOT ONLY IN THE PRE- AND
POSTOPERATIVE PHASES, BUT ALSO THE INTRAOPERATIVE PHASE.
 REFRACTORY CGS TREATMENT
APPROXIMATELY 10% OF CGS SURGICAL CASES ARE REFRACTORY, AND
THESE POSE A VERY DIFFICULT THERAPEUTIC CHALLENGE TO THE CLINICIAN.

• CYCLOSPORINE IL-2) and IL-4 suppresses minimizes the

Pre - inflamatory

Cell T
positive inflammatory
• CYCLOSPORINE IS A POTENT feedback process
cycle
IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENT THAT INHIBITS T
CELL ACTIVATION BY BLOCKING THE
TRANSCRIPTION OF GENES CODED FOR
SPECIFIC PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES
 REFERENCES

• BELGARD S, TRUYEN U, THIBAULT JC, ET AL. RELEVANCE OF FELINE CALICIVIRUS, FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY
VIRUS, FELINE LEUKEMIA VIRUS, FELINE HERPESVIRUS AND BARTONELLA HENSELAE IN CATS WITH CHRONIC
GINGIVOSTOMATITIS. BERL MUNCH TIERARZTL WOCHENSCHR 2010
• LOMMER MJ. ORAL INFLAMMATION IN SMALL ANIMALS. VET CLIN NORTH AM SMALL ANIM PRACT 2013
• LOMMER MJ. EFFICACY OF CYCLOSPORINE FOR CHRONIC, REFRACTORY STOMATITIS IN CATS: A
RANDOMIZED, PLACEBO-CONTROLLED, DOUBLE-BLINDED CLINICAL STUDY. J VET DENT 2013; 30(1):8-17
• THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY OF FRESH, AUTOLOGOUS MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS FOR SEVERE REFRACTORY
GINGIVOSTOMATITIS IN CATS 2015