Chapter 14

STRATEGIES FOR SUCCESSFUL

SPEAKING & SUCCESSFUL
LISTENING
Strategies for Oral Presentations

 Preparing effective presentations

 Kinds of oral presentations

 Ways of delivering the oral message

 Strategies for using an effective oral delivery

 Strategies for effective nonverbal delivery

 Types of Presentation

 Extemporaneous
 Allows more eye contact
 More verbal and nonverbal communication and involvement
with the audience
 Reading
 When you do not want to make any mistakes
 In case you’re being filmed, etc.
 Teleprompter
Types of Presentation

 Memorization
 Risk of forgetting your precise words
 Groping for words in front of the audience can
adversely affect your credibility
 Impromptu
 Called upon at the last moment to offer comments
 Without preparation or forewarning
Preparing Effective Oral Presentation
1. Determine the purpose

2. Analyze the audience and occasion

3. Select the main idea for the message

4. Research the topic

5. Organize the data & write the draft

6. Create visual aids

7. Rehearse the talk

 Determine the purpose

 To inform or instruct

 To Instruct

 To entertain

 To inspire/ To motivate

 To activate/ To stimulate

 To persuade
 Preparing Effective Oral Presentation
 Analyze the audience & occasion
 Select the main idea
 Research the topic
 Organize the data & draft
 Visual Aids
 Rehearse
 Good speech has three part
1. Introduction
2. Body (Text, discussion)
3. Conclusion or Summary
Preparing Effective Oral Presentation
 Rehearse the talk
 Always imagine audience in front of you
 Avoid long sentences and unusual words
 Explain one main point at a time with supporting material
 Include visual aids
 Anticipate questions from the audience
 Stop at allotted time and revise and improvise the speech
accordingly
 Strategies for Effective Oral Delivery

 One of your personal signatures is your voice

 Pitch: Highness or lowness of your voice
o Monotone - Lack of pitch variation may result in being called a
monotone
o Example:
 Mary, don’t do that
 Mary, don’t do that
 Mary, don’t do that
 Mary, don’t do that
Strategies for Effective Oral Delivery
cont’d
 Rate: How many words do you use per minute as your
speak?

o Variation in rate is better than speaking at the same rate

o Keyword related to rate is “pause”

 Volume: Loudness or softness of your voice

o Contrast in emphasis – using louder or softer volume on

certain words, ideas parts of your talk or syllables

o Controlled breathing
Strategies for Effective Oral Delivery
cont’d
 Vocal quality: husky, throaty, deep, loud, shrill, squeaky, weak,
strong, muffled, masculine, clear, etc.

 Pronunciation: Jargon – pronunciation of an abbreviation used within

organization; e.g. LIFO, FIFO

o Varied regional accents

o Added or omitted sounds

 Adding: hunerd – hundred

 Omitting: gonna - going to

o Listen to educated, cultured people

 Strategies for an Effective Nonverbal
Delivery
1. Posture
 How you stand, sit communicates something about you as a
communicator
 Stand straight, balance your weight on both feet, gives
impression of complete control and confidence
2. Movement
 Move to hold attention
 Move to get rid of nervousness
 Move to suggest transition
 Move to increase emphasis
 Strategies for an Effective Nonverbal
Delivery cont’d
3. Gestures (emblems, illustrators, affect displays, regulators, adapters)

 To emphasize

 To point

 To reject

 To describe

o Vary gestures Watch timing

o Avoid continues gestures

o Adapt gestures
 Strategies for an Effective Nonverbal
Delivery cont’d
4. Facial expressions

 You must not only feel but show interest in your ideas

5. Appearance

 Your attire
Strategies for Reducing Stage Fright

 Signs of Discomfort
 What you feel internally is not obvious to the listeners

 Strategies for Decreasing Speaking Fears.

 Regardless of culture, stage fright is universal. The
suggestions helps decrease the intensity of

that fear.
Strategies for Reducing Stage Fright
cont’d
 Know your subject well
 Rehearse your talk several times
 Request for a lectern
 Precheck any equipment you will need
 Take an object – a pen, pencil, notes, etc.
 Breathe deeply & slowly before speaking
 Move during the speech
 Approach the stage, lectern with assurance and enthusiasm