TYPES OF SPEECH ACT

SPEECH ACT
- It is an utterance that a speaker makes to achieve an
intended effect.
- Some of the functions which are carried out using
speech acts are offering an apology, greeting,
request, complaint, invitation, compliment, or
refusal.
- It might contain just one word or several words or
sentences.
•
J. L. AUSTIN (1962) TYPES OF
SPEECH ACT
 LOCUTIONARY ACT
It IS THE ACTUAL ACT OF UTTERING.
e.g. “PLEASE DO THE DISHES.”
 ILLOCUTIONARY ACT
THE SOCIAL FUNCTION OF WHAT IS SAID (INTENTION).
e.g. BY UTTERING THE LOCUTION “PLEASE DO THE DISHES,”
THE SPEAKER ________________.
 PERLOCUTIONARY ACT
It IS THE RESULTING ACT OF WHAT IS SAID. THIS EFFECT IS
BASED ON THE PARTICULAR CONTEXT IN WHICH THE
SPEECH ACT WAS MENTIONED.
e.g. “PLEASE DO THE DISHES” WOULD LEAD TO THE
ADDRESSEE_______________.
The locutionary act describes a
dangerous situation, the illocutionary
act acts as a force of the warning and
perlocutionary acts frighten the
addressee.
Give me an apple.
 JOHN SEARLE (1976)
ILLOCUTIONARY/PERLOCUTIONARY POINTS

• Assertives:
Statements that may be judged true or false because they aim to describe a
state of affairs in the world
• Directives:
Statements that attempt to make the other person's actions fit the
propositional content
• Commissives:
Statements that commit the speaker to a course of action as described by the
 JOHN SEARLE (1976)
ILLOCUTIONARY/PERLOCUTIONARY POINTS

• Expressives:
Statements that express the sincerity condition of the speech act
• Declaratives:
Statements that attempt to change the world by representing it as having been changed
FOUR BASIC TYPES OF
SPEECH
 1. INFORMATIVE
2. PERSUASIVE
3. ENTERTAINMENT
4. DEMONSTRATION
 INFORMATIVE
• Information about people, places, things, events, animals,
etc.
 PERSUASIVE
• Convince the listeners on the validity of the speaker’s
argument, position, belief or proposal
 ENTERTAINMENT
• Entertain or make people happy
 DEMONSTRATION SPEECH
• How to do
• Procedures
OTHER TYPES OF
SPEECH
•Eulogies
•Preaches
•Poetry and literary readings
•Scholarly readings
•Appreciation speech