MARTIAL LAW

Reporter：GROUP 2
OBJECTIVES
To recall some information about
Ferdinand Marcos.
To know the nature of Martial Law.

To discuss the causes and effects of

Martial Law in the whole country
during the Marcos regime.
What is
Martial Law?
 • Martial law is the imposition of
Martial Law military power over designated
• Martial law is an extreme and rare regions on an emergency basis.
measure used to control society during
war or periods of civil unrest or chaos.

• Martial law is usually imposed on a temporary basis when the civilian government or
civilian authorities fail to function effectively (e.g., maintaining order and security, or
providing essential services), when there are extensive riots and protests, or when the
disobedience of the law becomes widespread. Fundamentally it is a requirement put on
civilian government when they fail to function correctly.
WHO IS FERDINAND
MARCOS?

Marcos won the presidency on December 30, 1965 and

stayed until February 25, 1986.(The longest in the history)

The 4th President who declared Martial Law.

Died September 28, 1989 (aged 72) Honolulu, Hawaii, United

States.(due to lupus)
 Proclamation No. 1081

Face with the severely critical condition of the country and the rising power
of Jose Ma. Sison's Communist Party ,President Ferdinand E. Marcos,
availing himself of Article VII, Section 10, paragraph 2 of the Constitution,
issued the entire country under martial law. In accordance with this
proclamation.Due to uncontrolled situation of the country.
The President's proclamation was met with silence by the people and the pessimist's fear of
bloodbath did not materialize. In accordance with the Proclamation 1081, President Marcos
issued General Order 2-A ordering the Secretary of National Defense to arrest and detain
persons who committed "crimes and offenses in furtherance or on the occasion of our incident
to or in connection with the crimes of insurrection and rebellion" as defined in the Revised
Penal Code, and those who, in one way or another, committed and will commit crimes against
society and the government that are guilty of weakening the fabric of society and of
undermining the stability of the government.
(Lying down in air)
Initial Measures

In Presidential Decree No. 2, dated on Sep.

26, 1972, Pres. Marcos proclaimed the
1 entire Philippines as land reform area.

2 Tenants are given 3 hectares of irrigated rice

or corn lands and 5 hectares if unirrigated.

The Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR)

3 was created to expedite the transfer of land
titles to the peasants.
 NEW
SOCIETY
On Sep. 27, 1972, PD No. 6 was issued prescribing the rules and regulations
regarding discipline in the government .

The decree spelled out the grounds for disciplinary action against misdemeanors
which, in the old society, were ignored or passed over.

CURFEW
To minimize if not completely eradicate robbery and other unlawful activities at
night, Pres. Marcos set a curfew from midnight to four in the morning. Later on,
it was changed from one to four in the morning.
 Distribution of
Wealth
• President Marcos issued an order urging business, corporations and companies to open their
doors to the public which is to say, ownership of the corporations and companies should not
be limited to the family circle and to a narrow circle of friends, but should be dispersed to
those who were willing to become stockholders of such business firms.

• Meralco, which changed ownership, was now owned not by a few but by all Meralco customers.

• With regard to lands beyond seven hectares owned by a person, a decree provided for the
distribution of land above seven hectares to landless tenants, and those who owned seven or
less were required to till their lands personally.
Infrastructures
The Bureau of Internal Revenue, the biggest money maker of
the government, and the Bureau of Customs, the second money

a maker were placed in the hands of dedicated officials who were

willing to run after prominent and influential tax payers.

b At the same time, President Marcos issued a decree extending

tax amnesty to those who, deliberately or not, failed to pay the
correct amount of money.

c Substantial parts of this huge collection were spent in

the construction of first-class infrastructure projects.
In accordance with the guidelines,
Philippines established a diplomatic
agreement to the following socialist
countries:
East Germany
Hungary
Czechoslovakia
Bulgaria
Romania
China
Vietnam
Jordan
Democratic Republic of
Kampuchea(Cambodia)
Soviet Union
In December 1973, the Philippines
ratified the long-pending Treaty of
Amity, Commerce and Navigation
1 2 The stand of the Philippines
during the negotiation with the
United States in December 1976
with Japan. The establishment of that the latter should pay rent for
diplomatic relations with the the right to use the bases,
socialist countries of Asia and Europe principally Clark Air Base and
led not only to progressive trade Subic(Olangapo) Naval Base.
relations between them and the
Philippines but also to cultural
exchange programs.
Labor and Human
Welfare
Effects of Employment
Abroad
The lessening of the number of
a unemployed in the country;
The projection of good image of the
Filipino laborers, technicians, and
b professional abroad, and finally;

The increase of the government's income

c made possible through foreign exchange
remi tta nc e s of t h e wor ker s a nd
professionals working abroad.
 WAGES INCREASE OF LABORERS
Within metro manila:
P10.00/day
Outside metro manila:
P9.00/day
Plantation workers:
P7.00/day
Non-Plantation workers:
P6.00/day
 The Economy: Gains
and losses

National Economic Development The spiraling cost of oil imports and

Authority (NEDA) estimated that the the lowering of the prices of
country increased its GNP from traditional exports led to a trade
P40,847M to P43,203M. deficit of P1.164 M.

The field per hectare planted to rice

increased by 40-50 percent.
 We became the top exporters of rice
Liberal credit and extension work was the “secret”
of Masagana 99
Provided farmers with full credit support

Educated agricultural technicians

Masagana 99 After 3 yrs, The Philippines experienced its highest
productivity increase in rice production (1976-1985)

Masagana 99 uplifted the lives of the farmers

Mobilized government resources to help the farmers

in rural areas (helicopters, etc....)
Thank
You!