INTRODUCTION TO DESALINATION

Aliman Joyo Sakti

Spesialist
SWRO DESALINATION – WWT & WWTP
– SEPTIC TANK
Support System by:
INTRODUCTION TO DESALINATION

97% of the earth’s water is seawater

salt content ~ 35,000 mg/liter

Domestic water supply requires:

• Dissolved solids content <1000 mg/l
• Drinking water < 500 mg/l
Desalination refers to the wide range of
technical processes designed to remove
salts from water.
 DESALINATION TECHNOLOGY

1. Distillation Processes 2. Reverse Osmosis

1. Similar to the Earth’s natural 1. Saltwater is forced through
water cycle membrane sheets at high
2. Water is heated, evaporated pressure
and collected 2. Membrane sheets are
3. Produces clean water and designed to catch salt ions
brine 3. Process produces clean water
and brine
 ADVANTAGES OF RO

• Quick and cheap to build and simple to operate

• Handle a large range of flow rates
• Energy consumption is low
• High overall water recovery rates
• The startup and shutdown of the process does not
take long.
SWRO PROCESS
 ENERGY EFFICIENCY ADVANCES IN
MEMBRANE DESALINATION

• Early seawater RO (SWRO) systems

(1978) 10 kWhr/m3
• In 1980’s energy recovery turbines and
turbochargers introduced
• In 2002 isobaric energy recovery devices adopted;
lowered SWRO energy to under 3.0 kWhr/m3
• Membrane improvements – lower pressure requires
less energy
E N E R G Y R E C O V E R Y D E V IC E
TURBO CHARGER
ECONOMIC OF DESALINATION
 PRODUCTION COST (200 VS. 1500)

NO ITEM 200 MPD 1500 MPD

(RP/M3) (RP/M3)
1 ELECTRICAL 9,000 5,216
2 CHEMICAL 1,026 1,155
3 MAINTENANCE 329 160
4 REPLACEMENT 1,714 1,843
5 LABOUR 1,068 680
13,138 9,055
 TERIMA KASIH

•Aliman Joyo Sakti

• Spesialist : IPAL – IPAM – SWRO – SEPTIC TANK
• Phone / Fax : (031) 7872897
• Hotline : 0811 339 425, 0813 3134 6678
• Email : xonoxfilter@gmail.com