Seminar on

“Magneto-Rheological fluid”

M. Babu Ram
1601-15-736-302
 What is Smart Fluid?
 A Smart Fluid is a special type of fluid whose
properties can be changed by applying an electric
field or magnetic field.
 Actively controllable fluids
 Magneto-rheological fluid, Electro- rheological fluid
and Ferro Fluids
 The main constituents:- base fluid, magnetizable
particles, and stabilizer or surfactants
 Magneto-Rheological Fluid
 The ability to transfer from a liquid to a semisolid
form in the presence of externally applied magnetic
fields.
 The fluid greatly increases its apparent Viscosity, to
the point of becoming a viscoelastic solid.
 These are Non- Newtonian Fluids
 There are different from Ferro fluid.
 Magneto-Rheological Fluid
 MRF materials normally consist of a base fluid,
magnetically polarizable particles, and stabilizer or
surfactant.
 The basic fluid is a carrier fluid which contains
metallic particles.
 Stabilizer or surfactant is used to overcome
sedimentation issues of heavy magnetizable particles.
 The selection of a magnetic particle type and a carrier
medium are dependent on the specific application.
How it Works?
 Modes of Operation
 Three modes of operation are there for MR Fluid:-
(i) Flow Mode.
(ii)Shear Mode.
(iii)Squeeze Flow Mode.
 In all the above mention case Magnetic field is
perpendicular to the plane of plates, so as to restrict
fluid in the direction parallel to the plate.
 Flow Mode
 Both plates are stationary.
 Flow is due to Pressure gradient
 Magnetic Field is perpendicular to the direction of
flow
 Application :-Dampers and shock absorbers.
 Shear Mode
 In this mode one plate is stationary and the other
plate is moving
 In this mode also magnetic field is perpendicular to
direction of flow of fluid
 Shear mode is generally used to control rotational
motion.
 Application:- Clutches and Brakes
 Squeeze Mode
 In this mode one plate is moving relative to the other
perpendicular to its plane.
 Application:- controlling small, millimeter-order
movements but involving large forces
 Advantages
 Easy to control- As magnetic field can be precisely
controlled by current driven electromagnets.
 Have higher magnitude of yield stress compared to
ER fluids the simple construction of devices, lower
power requirements for control, fast response.
 Limitations
 High density.
 High quality fluids are expensive.
 Fluids are subjected to thickening after prolonged
use and need replacing.
 Setting of Ferro particles can be a problem for some
applications.
 Applications
 The application set for MR fluids is vast, and it
expands with each advance in the dynamics of the
fluid
 Mechanical Dampers
 Military and Defense:- Body Armor
 Aerospace:- Cockpit seat
 Artificial muscles
 Robot Blood
 References
 www.wikipedia
 “Field Responsive Fluids as Smart Materials” by
Abdollah Hajalilou
 Smart fluids: current and future developments -
Stanway