REAL-TIME PATIENT HEALTH

MONITORING AND ALARMING

USING WIRELESS-SENSOR-
NETWORK
 PROJECT REPORT
Submitted

By

A.AKBAR ALI 1801PS2807

A.S.ANBUSELVAN 1801PS2840
R.KANIMOLHI 1801PS2808
A.SARBUDEEN 1801PS2838

Under the Guidance of

C.JAYA SHANKAR.M.E.,
Assistant Professor
 OBJECTIVE
 The prime goal was to develop a reliable patient
monitoring system so that the healthcare professionals
can monitor their patient condition through wireless
who are either hospitalized or executing their normal
daily life activities.
 Inform (alarm) to the doctor about the ICU patient
condition through wireless. If any critical situation
arises.
 This project provides a device which will continuously
monitor the vital parameters to be monitored for a
patient.
 ABSTRACT
 Wireless healthcare monitoring system that can provide real
time online information about physiological conditions of a
patient.
 Our proposed system is designed to measure and monitor
important physiological data of a patient in order to
accurately describe the status of her/his health and fitness
 The patient’s temperature, heart beat rate, are monitored,
displayed, and stored by our system.
 To ensure reliability and accuracy the proposed system has
been field tested.
 The test results show that our system is able to measure the
patient’s physiological data with a very high accuracy.
 PROBLEM IDENTIFIED

 A patient staying in the hospital is not that he or she

actually needs active medical care.

 Often, the principal reason for a lengthy stay in the

hospital is simply continual observation.

 Therefore, efforts have been made to avoid acute

admissions and long lengths of stay in the hospital.
 INTRODUCTION
 The health problem is rising along with increasing
population in the today’s world.
 In hospitals, continuous monitoring is needed for
heart attack, after major/minor operation,
temperature related illness, physical disorders.
 For elderly people who alone stay in home for
long term monitoring without person is a complex
situation.
 To overcome the situation without hospitalization
for monitoring the patients using wearable sensors
is used in this process.
 LITERATURE SURVEY
S.NO TITLE TECHNIQUE DRAWBACK
Real Time Wireless Health Wireless Poor diagnosis
Monitoring Application healthcare process,
1 Using Mobile Devices- monitoring  Low speed
2015 system process

Zigbee Based Wearable Remote health Limited

Remote Healthcare care monitoring resources,
2 Monitoring System for system Expensive
Elderly Patients-2014 (RHCMS) process
Limited to
Patient Health Management e-health measuring simple
System using e-Health monitoring parameters,
3 Monitoring Architecture- networked Less security
2014 system process
 Abnormal
Health Care System by activity,
4 Monitoring the Patient Health IOT and GSM Less accurate
Using IOT and GSM-2017 process
It take long
Patient Health Monitoring Wireless Body period of time,
5 Using Wireless Body Area Area Sensor Critical
Sensor Network-2015 networks situation occur
Wrong sleeping
Portable Health Monitoring Portable health time slots,
6 System with GPS, GSM and monitoring  Absence of
Emergency Switch-2019 system physical exercise
Difficult to
Impact on the Usage of handle the patient
Wireless sensor
7 Wireless Sensor Networks in status manually,
networks
Healthcare Sector-2017  Health issues
occur
 Abnormal
A Hospital Healthcare
condition occur,
Monitoring System Using Wireless body
8  Limited
Wireless Sensor sensor network
operation
Networks-2017

IOT Based Patient Health IOT based Poor

Monitoring System Using patient health accuracy,
9
LabVIEW and Wireless monitoring Increase cost
Sensor Network-2015 system
Resource
allocation issue,
Wireless Sensor Network
Wireless sensor
10 for Patient Health
network (WSN) Limited
Monitoring System-2017
resources or
space
 EXISTING SYSTEM
 Robust healthcare is a requirement for both developed
countries, where the cost of healthcare is high and
security and privacy are critical issues and developing
countries
 A mass population to handle in hospitals and robust
healthcare procedures are required.
 Doctors should visit the patient regularly and check the
status.
 Situation may occur like nurse make mistake while noting
the report.
 DISADVANTAGES

It is not easy to detect all kinds of abnormal

activity unless real-time monitoring.

High costs

Low accuracy
 PROPOSED SYSTEM
 The wearable and real-time monitoring system of some
critical vital signs for elderly people

 That system may help doctor or people in family monitor

from patient or elderly people.

 The vital signs of health status that are the important

parameter in health monitoring system consist of blood
pressure, heart rate, body temperature

 This system provides a continuous health monitoring

service.
 BLOCK DIAGRAM
LCD display
unit

Power supply
unit Heart beat sensor

Microcontroller unit
Temperature PIC 16F877A
Sensor Relay

Alarm
ESP 8266
Wi-Fi IC
 POWER SUPPLY UNIT

 Step-down Transformer

 Rectifier

 Voltage Regulator

 Low pass Filter

 Power indication LED

 POWER SUPPLY UNIT
 The ac voltage, typically 220V rms, is connected to a
transformer, which steps that ac voltage down to the level of
the desired dc output.
 A diode rectifier then provides a full-wave rectified voltage
that is initially filtered by a simple capacitor filter to
produce a dc voltage.
 This resulting dc voltage usually has some ripple or ac
voltage variation.
 A regulator circuit removes the ripples and also remains the
same dc value even if the input dc voltage varies, or the
load connected to the output dc voltage changes.
 This voltage regulation is usually obtained using one of the
popular voltage regulator IC units.
 MICROCONTROLLER UNIT
 Microcontrollers are used in automatically
controlled products and devices, It have real-time
performance constraints that must be met.
 By reducing the size and cost compared to a
design that uses a microcontrollers make it
economical to digitally control even more devices
and processes.
 It consists of I/O parts, timers, ROM, RAM, Flash
memory and inbuilt ADC.
 Mixed signal microcontrollers are common,
integrating analog components needed to control
non-digital electronic systems.
TEMPERATURE SENSOR
 TEMPERATURE SENSOR UNIT
 The temperature sensor used to measure temperature, is
an electronic device
 It provides a voltage analogue of the temperature of the
surface on which it is mounted.
 The LM35 series are precision integrated-circuit
Temperature Sensors whose output voltage is linearly
proportional to the Celsius temperature.
 The sensor circuitry is sealed and not subject to
oxidation.
 The LM35 generates a higher output voltage than
thermocouples and may not require that the output
voltage be amplified.
HEART BEAT SENSOR UNIT
 HEART BEAT SENSOR UNIT
 Heart beat sensor is used to measure the pulse rate
of the heart in digital output.
 When a finger is placed on it. LED is used to
detect the heart rate.
 The normal heart beat of the person is 78 bpm.
 It is measured based on the beats per minute.
 When heart pumps a pulse of blood through blood
vessels, finger becomes slightly more opaque so
less light reached at the detector.
 With each heart pulse detector signal varies this
variation is converted to electrical pulse
 ESP8266 WIFI IC
 The ESP8266 is a low-cost Wi-Fi chip with full TCP/IP stack
and MCU (Micro Controller Unit) capability.

 However, at the time there was almost no English-language

documentation on the chip and the commands it accepted.

 The very low price and attracted many hackers to explore the
module, chip, and the software on it, as well as to translate the
Chinese documentation.

 The ESP8285 is an ESP8266 with 1 MB of built-in flash, allowing

for single-chip devices capable of connecting to Wi-Fi.
PIN DIAGRAM
 RELAY
A relay is an electrically operated switch.
Many relays use an electromagnet to operate a
switching mechanism mechanically,
But other operating principles are also used.
When the coil is energized with direct current, a
diode is often placed across the coil to dissipate
the energy from the collapsing magnetic field at
deactivation,
which would otherwise generate a voltage spike
dangerous to semiconductor circuit components
RELAY CIRCUIT
 BUZZER
An alarm device or system of alarm devices
gives an audible, visual or other form of alarm
signal about a problem or condition.
Alarm clocks can produce an alarm at a given
time.
Alarms in an operation and maintenance
monitoring system, which informs the bad
working state of the system under monitoring.
BUZZER CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 LCD(LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY)
Key Features of the 16*2 LCD Display
module:
 Great display for micro controller project
 High quality
 Easy to use
 Affordable
Specification :
 Display: 16 char x 2 lines
 LCD Driving Method: 1/16 duty, 1/5 Bias"
 Color: Green Background, Black chars
 LCD Driving Method: 1/16 duty, 1/5 Bias"
 Display Mode:STN, Positive
 Dimension: 80.2*36.1*13mm
 View Area: 64.5*13.8mm
 Active Area:57.78*9.54mm
 Dot size:0.62*0.57mm
 Dots Pitch: 0.62*0.57mm
LCD INTERFACING DIAGRAM
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 ADVANTAGES

Time consumption is less.

High accuracy

High efficient process

 APPLICATION

Home Applications

Health care applications

Temperature Monitoring

Heart rate Monitoring

Smart Cleaning
 REQUIREMENTS
HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
 Power supply unit
 PIC Microcontroller
 Heart beat sensor
 Temperature sensor, Relay, Alarm
 LCD display unit
 ESP8266 WIFI IC
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
 Embedded C
 Keil C software
 CONCLUSION
 Real time measuring for patient state is required in order
to detect issues and solve them before disaster
occurrence.

 It can be used to provide a patient with medical advice

according to the real-time acquired physiological data

 The functionality and readings of the implemented

prototype has been tested and compared with reliable,
standard and calibrated medical devices
 REFERENCES
 A. Pantelopoulos, & N. G. Bourbakis, "A Survey on Wearable Sensor-
Based Systems for Health Monitoring and Prognosis", IEEE Transactions
on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews, Vol.
40, No.1, January 2010, pp: 1-12.

 S. Mukherjee, K. Dolui, & S. K. Datta, "Patient health management system

using e-health monitoring architecture", IEEE International Conference on
Advance Computing (IACC), 2014, pp: 400 – 405

 D. W. Kumar, "Healthcare Monitoring System Using Wireless Sensor

Network", Intr. Journal of Advanced Networking and Applications, Vol.4,
No.1, 2012, pp:1497-1500.

 Pei-Cheng Hii, & Wan-Young Chung, "A Comprehensive Ubiquitous

Healthcare Solution on an Android Mobile Device", Sensors, Vol.11, No.7,
2011, pp: 6799-6815.
THANK YOU ALL