Definition of Speaker

The speaker is the voice that

speaks behind the scene. It is the
narrative voice that speaks of a writer’s
feelings or situation.
It is not necessary that a poet is
always the speaker, because he may
be writing from a different perspective,
or may be in the voice of another
race, gender, or even a material
object.
It usually appears as a persona or
voice in a poem.
 Function of the Speaker

The role of a speaker is one of the

most important aspects in a written work.
A speaker allows a more active voice,
and plays the role of the mouthpiece in
conveying the ideas of a writer or a poet
to the audience. Just like actors, a
speaker tells, or acts out directly, an
account of what exactly occurs. It is
found in different forms of writing, but is
very common in poetry and novels.
 INVICTUS
By William Ernest Henley

Out of the night that covers me,

Black as the pit from pole to pole,
I thank whatever gods may be
For my unconquerable soul.
In the fell clutch of circumstance
I have not winced nor cried aloud.
Under the bludgeonings of chance
My head is bloody but unbowed.
Beyond this place of wrath and tears
Looms but the Horror of the shade,
And yet the menace of the years
Finds, and shall find me, unafraid.
It matters not how strait the gate,
How charged with
Punishments the scroll,
I am the master of my fate:
I am the captain of my soul.
 IF
By Rudyard Kipling

If you can keep your head when all about you

Are losing theirs and blaming it on you;
If you can trust yourself when all men doubt you,
But make allowance for their doubting too;
If you can wait and not be tired by waiting,
Or being lied about, don’t deal in lies,
Or being hated, don’t give way to hating,
And yet don’t look too good, nor talk too wise:

And if you can dream, and not make dreams your

master;
If you can think, and not make thoughts your aim;
If you can meet with Triumph and Disaster
And treat those two imposters just the same;
If you can bear to hear the truth you’ve spoken
Twisted by knaves to make trap for fools,
Or watch the things you gave your life to, broken,
And stoop and build ’em up with worn-out tools:

If you can make one heap of all your winnings

And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,
And lose, and start again at your beginnings
And never breathe a word about your loss;
If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew
To serve your turn long after they are gone,
And so hold on when there is nothing in you
Except the Will which says to them: ‘Hold on!’

If you can talk with crowds and keep your virtue,

Or walk with Kings—nor lose the common touch,
If neither foes nor loving friends can hurt you,
If all men count with you, but none too much;
If you can fill the unforgiving minute
With sixty seconds’ worth of distance run,
Yours is the Earth and everything that’s in it,
And—which is more—you’ll be a Man, my son!
DOORS OF DARING
by Henry Van Dyke

The mountains that enfold the vale

With walls of granite, steep and high,
Invite the fearless foot to scale
Their stairway toward the sky.
The restless, deep, dividing sea
That flows and foams from shore to shore,
Calls to its sunburned chivalry,
“Push out, set sail, explore!”
And all the bars at which we fret,
That seem to prison and control,
Are but the doors of daring, set
Ajar before the soul.
Say not, “Too poor,” but freely give;
Sigh not,”Too weak,” but boldly try,
You never can begin to live
Until you dare to die.
 FORM
AND
CONTENT
POEMS ABOUT GRATITUDE
 POETIC FORM

- Refers to the structure that

holds or gives shape to the
poem in a way, what it looks
like to you on the page. This
will include groupings or sets
of lines, called stanzas.
 Another more interesting way to
consider form is to say that it necessarily
determines the content of the poem,
especially in the case of a particular
genre like ballad, epic, or sonnet; these
specific forms often have structures and
stylistic conventions that are both
structural and that convey units of
meaning or conventions of rhyme,
meter, or expression.
Poems that do not follow
determined, formal conventions have
an open form.
 GENRES OF POETRY
1. Narrative Poetry – a genre of poetry that tells a story.
It may be the oldest type of poetry. Many scholars of
Homer have concluded that his Iliad and Odyssey
were composed from compilations of shorter
narrative poems that related individual episodes and
were more suitable for evening’s entertainment.

2. Epic Poetry – a major form of narrative literature. It

recounts, in a continuous narrative, the life and works
of a heroic or mythological person or group of
persons.
3. Dramatic Poetry – a drama written in verse to be
spoken or sung, and appears in varying, sometimes
related forms in many pictures.

4. Satirical Poetry – Poetry can be powerful vehicle for

satire. The punch of an insult, spoken or written in
prose. The Romans had strong tradition of satirical
poetry, often written for political purposes.

5. Lyric Poetry – a genre that does not attempt to tell a

story but instead, is of a more personal nature. It
portrays the poet’s feelings, states of mind, and
perceptions.
6. Elegy – a mournful, melancholic, or plaintive poem, especially
a lament for the dead or a funeral song. The term “elegy”, which
originally denoted a type of poetic meter, commonly describes a
poem of mourning.

7. Verse Fable – an ancient, near ubiquitous, often set in verse. It is

a succinct story that features anthropomorphosized animals,
plants, inanimate objects, or force of nature that illustrates a
moral lesson.

8. Prose Poetry – a hybrid genre that shows attributes of both

prose and poetry. It may be distinguishable from the micro-story
(short story). It qualifies as poetry because of its conciseness, use
of metaphor, and special attention to language.
9. Speculative Poetry – also known as “Fantastic
Poetry”. It is a poetic genre which deals
thematically with subjects which are “beyond
reality”, whether via extrapolation as in science
fiction or via weird horrific themes as in horror
fiction.

10. Relaxation Through Poetry – the use of poetry

by a person or group of people to relax and help
relieve stress. It is a commonly seen in visualization
sessions where a speaker is trying to get the
audience to forget about all the stress in their lives.
FORMS OF POETRY
1.Sonnet
2.Sestina
3.Tanka
4.Haiku
5.Sijo
6.Ode
7.Diamante
8.Acrostic
9.Cinquain
To My Dear and Loving Husband
By Anne Bradstreet

If ever two were one, then surely we.

If ever man were loved by wife, then thee.
If ever wife was happy in a man,
Compare with me, ye women, if you can.
I prize thy love more than whole mines of gold,
Or all the riches that the East doth hold.
My love is such that rivers cannot quench,
Nor ought but love from thee give
recompense.
Thy love is such I can no way repay;
The heavens reward thee manifold, I pray.
Then while we live, in love let’s so persevere,
That when we live no more, we may live ever.
 Gratitude
By Lucy Maude Montgomery

I thank thee, friend, for the beautiful thought

That in words well chosen thou gavest to me,
Deep in the life of my soul it has wrought
With its own rare essence to ever imbue me,
To gleam like a star over devious ways,
To bloom like a flower on the drearest days
Better such gift from thee to me
Than gold of the hills or pearls of the sea.

For the luster of jewels and gold may depart,

And they have in them no life of the giver,
But this gracious gift from thy heart to my heart
Shall witness to me of thy love forever;
Yea, it shall always abide with me
As a part of my immortality;
For a beautiful thought is a thing divine,
So I thank thee, oh, friend, for this gift of thine.