produk teknik (mesin / sistem mekanikal) dalam bentuk gambar, spesifikasi, model (analitis, grafis/visual, fisis) dan prototype. The three measures of the effectiveness of the design process are product cost, quality, and time to market. Regardless of the product being designed—whether it is an entire system, some small subpart of a larger product, or just a small changin an existing product—the customer and management always want it cheaper (lower cost), better (higher quality), and faster (less time). Designers cost little, their impact on product cost, great. the decisions made during the design process have a great effect on the cost of a product but cost very little. Note that the most important quality measure is “works as it should.” This, and “incorporates latest technology/features,” are both measures of product function. “Lasts a long time” and most of the other quality measures are dependent on the form designed and on the materials and the manufacturing process selected. What is evident is that the decisions made during the design process determine the product’s quality. Company A took less time to design the automobile than Company B function is the desired output from a system that is yet to be designed. Behavior is the actual output, the response of the system’s physical properties to the input energy or control. THE DESIGN PROCESS BY IBRAHIM ZEID (CAD/CAM THEORY AND PRACTICE 1991) THE MECHANICAL DESIGN PROCESS BY ULLMAN