ADOLESCENT REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH

Dr. dr. Arietta R. D. Pusponegoro, SpOG(K)

 Total population of Indonesian
Male young people=64,716, 241 or Female
25.01% from total population
in Indonesia
(Statistics Center of Indonesia, 2017)

Among Indonesian Among Indonesian

boys in the age 15-24 girls in the age 15-24
years old, 5,177,299 years old, 2,588,649
(8%) agreed (4%) agreed
premarital sexual (Indonesia Demography Survey in 2017) premarital sexual

First sexual activities

15 years old =59%

The trend of high number of first sexual activities has
also changed in term of age category from 18 - 19
years old in the previous survey (2012) to 17-18 years
old in 2017 survey. (Indonesia Demography Survey in
19 years old
2017)
=74%
 INDONESIA
THE 7th COUNTRY IN THE WORLD; AND 2nd IN
ASEAN WITH THE HIGHEST NUMBER OF CHILD
MARRIAGE
DATA OF CHILD MARRIAGE
DI INDONESIA
Percentage of Women Aged 20-24 Whose First Marriage Happened
Before the Age of 18 per Province, in 2017

Sumber: BPS, 2017

Percentage of Women Aged 20-24 Who Married Before The Age of 18 per
Province, 2018

INDONESIA: 11,2%

Sumber: BPS, 2018

 PRACTICAL CAUSES OF CHILD MARRIAGE

ECONOMICAL GLOBALIZATION
CULTURAL GENDER
& REGULATION (YOUTH
VALUES INEQUALITY
POVERTY BEHAVIOR)

UU No.1 of 1974
Concerning Marriage

ARTICLE 7 PARAGRAPH (1)

Minimum Age of Marriage for Girls
(is already inadequate and discriminates against girls)
 IMPACTS OF CHILD
MARRIAGE
MAIN:
Inhibits the achievement of SDGs Goal 5, item 5.3
“To eliminate all harmful practices, such as child marriage...”

IMPACTS:
1.Inhibits the achievement of Human Development
Index (HDI); and inhibits the achievement of SDGs
concerning:
a. 12-Year Compulsory Education, DO, APS… EDUCATION
b. MMR, IMR, Nutrition Problems… HEALTH
c. Child Labor, Low-Skill HR, poverty…  ECONOMY
2. Inhabits the efforts of eliminating violence against children
 Domestic Violence, TPPO, exploitation…
3. Others
 IMPACTS OF CHILD MARRIAGE

Child marriage is
estimated to cause Married women at the
economic losses of at age of children are
least 1,7% of the more prone to
country’s gross experience domestic
income (GDP) violence

Girls who are married Infants born to

before the age of 18 mothers under the age
are four times more of 20 are likely to die
Complications during
vulnerable to before the age of 28
pregnancy and birth are
completing days / 1,5 times
the second largest cause
secondary/equivalent greater than from
of death for girls aged 15-
education mothers aged 20-30
19
years

Source: National Social and Economic Survey, United Nations Children’s Fund, dan Kidman, 2016 9
 4,5x chance of a
high-risk
pregnancy

2X chance of
BBLR Risk death during
child birth

Pelvic 2-5x chance of

disproportion preeclampsia

Chance of Not optimal

contracting an uterus
STD contractions

Source: Premature
SDKI 2017
SUPAS 2015
Indonesian Health Demographic Survey (SDKI) 2012
birth risk
Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) 2010
 Dit P2MKJM opinion indicates that High risk of domestic violence,
53% of marriages under the age of 18 divorce, and psychological
suffer from mental disorder maturity

15% of women who become 30-40% increased risk of

pregnant before the age of 20 stunting over 2 years and failure
suffer from anemic and Low to complete secondary school
Birth Weight

Sumber : Data from the Ministry of Health in the FGD discussion of Academic Paper on the Amendment Bill on Marriage Law
 COURT DECISION

The Constitutional Court on Thursday, 13th of

December 2018 read the verdict on lawsuit No.
22/PUU-XV/2017 which requested the review of
Article 7 (1) UU No. 1 of 1974 concerning
marriage

1
The marriage limit of 16 years
of age for girls is
unconstitutional, a violation on
human rights, and is a form of
children exploitation
2
Ordered the UU legislators within
a maximum period of 3 (three)
years to make amendments to UU
No. 1 of 1974 concerning
Marriage, especially with regards
to the minimum age of marriage
for children
 REVISION OF UU No. 1 of 1974
UU No. 1 of 1974
Article 7
1)Marriage is only permitted if the man
has reached the age of 19 (nineteen) and
the woman has reached the age of 16
(sixteen).
2)In the case of deviations from paragraph
(1) this article may request dispensation
from the Court or other Officer, appointed
by both the male and female parents
3)Provisions regarding the condition of
one or both parents mentioned in Article 6
paragraph (3) and (4) of this Law, also
apply in the case of the request for
dispensation paragraph (2) of this article
without prejudice to what is meant in
Article 6 paragraph (6)
UU No. 1 of 1974 Revision
Article 7
1) Marriage is only permitted if both man
and woman have reached the age of 19
(nineteen)
2) In the case of deviations from the age
requirement as referred to in paragraph
(1), the parents (male and/or female
parties) may request a dispensation from
the Court on urgent grounds
accompanied by sufficient supporting
evidence.
3) The granting of dispensation by the
Court as referred to in paragraph (2)
must listen to the opinions of the
prospective bride and groom who are
going to get married. 13