ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

I - SEMESTE
Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes

UNIT – 2

“PROJECTION OF PLANES”

I - SEMESTER
Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes

TYPES OF PLANE FIGURES

SQUARE RECTANGLE TRIANGLE

CIRCLE TRAPEZOID PARALLELOGRAM

PENTAGON HEXAGON DIAMOND

Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
TYPES OF PLANES
PERPENDICULAR PLANES
Planes which are perpendicular to one of the principal planes of
projection and inclined or parallel to the other
OBLIQUE PLANES
Planes inclined to both the reference planes

TRACE OF PLANE

HORIZONTAL TRACE
The intecsection line of the plane surface with H.P

VERTICAL TRACE
The intecsection line of the plane surface with V.P
Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
PROJECTION OF PLANE PERPENDICULAR TO V.P AND PARALLEL TO H.P
Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
EXAMPLE:-
An equilateral triangle ABC of 50 mm side has its plane parallel to H.P
and side AB parallel to V.P Draw its projections when the corner C is 15
mm from H.P and 45 mm from the V.P
Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
PROJECTION OF PLANE PERPENDICULAR TO H.P AND PARALLEL TO V.P
Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
EXAMPLE:-
An equilateral triangle ABC of 50 mm side is parallel to and 15 mm in
front of V.P, its base AB is parallel to and 75 mm above H.P, Draw the
projections of the triangle when the corner is near the H.P

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Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
PROJECTION OF PLANE PERPENDICULAR TO BOTH H.P AND V.P

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Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
EXAMPLE:-
A semicircle of diameter, CD = 50 is kept in the 1st quadrant such that
its diameter is perpendicular to V.P and H.P, Draw its projections, when
the diameter is near V.P, distance of diameter from H.P is 15 mm and
from V.P is 20

I - SEMESTER
Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
PROJECTION OF PLANE PERPENDICULAR TO V.P AND INCLINED TO H.P

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Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
EXAMPLE:-
A thin horizontal plate of 15 mm sides is inclined at 45° to the H.P and
perpendicular to V.P, two of its parallel edges is parallel to V.P, the
plate is 10 mm above H.P and 15 mm infront of V.P

I - SEMESTER
Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
PROJECTION OF PLANE PERPENDICULAR TO H.P AND INCLINED TO V.P

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Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
EXAMPLE:-
Draw the projections of a circular lamina of 30 mm diameter. The
lamina is inclined a an angle of 45° to V.P

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Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes

PROJECTION OF OBLIQUE PLANES

When the plane is inclined to both the reference planes, its

projections are drawn in three stages

First stage, the plane is assumed to be parallel to H.P

Second stage, it is tilted so as to make the required angle with the

H.P, its Front View in this position will be a line while its Top View
will be smaller is size

Third stage, the plane is turned to the required inclination with the
V.P, only the position of the Top View will alter.
Its shape and size will not be affected

I - SEMESTER
Engineering Graphics Lecture Notes
EXAMPLE:-
Draw the projections of a regular hexagon of 20 mm side, having one
of its sides in the H.P and inclined at 45° to the V.P; and its surface
making an angle of 30° with the H.P

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