Dr. B.

Rama Kumar
Professor, Dept. of EEE

drramakumarb@mits.ac.in
 A Brief Introduction

Generation of Electrical Power

&
Evolution
Electricity Production
Symbols
 Some Definitions
• Current
• Voltage
• Resistance (Laws)
• Conductance
• Power
• Energy
• Specific Resistance
 Electrical power and
energy
When a direct current of I amperes is flowing in
an electric circuit and the voltage across the circuit
is V volts, then
Power, P = VI Watts
Electrical energy = Power x time = VIt Joules
Although the unit of energy is the joule, when
dealing with large amounts of energy, the unit
used is the kilowatt hour (kWh) where
1 kWh = 1000 watt hour
= 1000 x 3600 watt seconds or joules
= 3 600 000 J
 Some other Discussion
• Materials
• Conductors
• Insulators
• Semiconductors
• Types of Circuits
• Closed Circuit
• Open Circuit
• Short Circuit
Cont..d
• Ohm’s Law
• Series “R” Circuit - (Conditions)
• Parallel “R” Circuit (Conditions)
• Series – Parallel “R” Circuits

• Tutorials
• Quizzes
Problem 1: A source e.m.f. of 5 V supplies a
current of 3 A for 10 minutes. How much energy
is
• Sol:
• Energy = power x time and
• Power = voltage x current.
• Hence Energy = VIt = 5 x 3 x 10 x 60 = 9000
Ws or J = 9 kJ
• Problem 2. An electric heater consumes 1.8
MJ when connected to a 250 V supply for 30
minutes. Find the power rating of the heater
and the current taken from the supply.
 Power and energy
3. The hot resistance of a 250 V filament lamp is 625 ohms. Determine the current
taken by the lamp and its power rating. [0.4 A, 100 W]

4. Determine the resistance of a coil connected to a 150 V supply when

a current of (a) 75 mA (b) 300 μA flows through it. [(a) 2 k (b) 0.5 M]

5. Determine the resistance of an electric fire which takes a current of 12 A from a

240 V supply. Find also the power rating of the fire and the energy used in 20 h.
[20 , 2.88 kW, 57.6 kWh]

6. Determine the power dissipated when a current of 10 mA flows through an

appliance having a resistance of 8 k. [0.8 W]

7) 85.5 J of energy is converted into heat in nine seconds. What power

is dissipated? [9.5 W]

8) A current of 4 A flows through a conductor and 10 W is dissipated.

What p.d. exists across the ends of the conductor? [2.5 V]