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1. DEWANI YUSTIKA (170103020)

2. LUTFIA AINNA S (1701030)
3. MELINDA (1701030)

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 CONSTIPATION ...?

Constipation is a common digestive issue in

which bowel movements are infrequent or
difficult to pass and having a bowel movement
less than 3 times per week.
CAUSE ...?
Common causes of constipation are :

• Not enough fiber in the diet

• Low fluid intake
• Lack of exercise
• Medications
• Changes in life or routine such as
pregnancy, older age, and travel

• Ignoring the urge to have a bowel

movement
• Problems with the colon and rectum
 SIGN & SYMPTOMS
When you are constipated, you feel that passing
stools has become more difficult. It may difficult
because your stools are :
• Dry, hard and lumpy
• Abnormally large & small

Constipation can also cause the following symptoms:

• Stomach ache and cramps
• Feeling bloated
• Feeling nauseous
• Loss of appetite
TREATMENT...?

• Laxative
• Other treatment. For example,
the doctor may recommend
discounting medication or
performing surgery to correct
an anorectal problem such as
rectal prolapse
 PREVENTION...?

• Diet
• Lifestyle changes. Include :
• Drinking enough water or other liquids
• Engaging in daily exercise.
COMPLICATION...?

These potential complications include :

• Hemorrhoid
• Anal fissures
• Fecal impaction
• Rectal prolapse
THANKYOU.