A Human Skeleton is compose of 206

Bones
Spine-26 Chest-25 Head-29 Arms-64
Legs-60 Pelvis-2
SUM: 26+25+29+64+60+2=206 bones
  SUPPORT…
 MOVEMENT…
FUNCTIONS
 PROTECTION…
of
SKELETON  BLOOD
CELL
PRODUCTION…
In Human Body:  STORAGE…
 ENDOCRINE
REGULATION…
 Spine ( Vertebral Column ) 26
Bones
The main function of vertebral
column is the PROTECTION of the
spinal cord. It also provides stiffening for
the body and attachment for the pectoral
and pelvic girdles and many muscles. In
human an additional function is to
transmit body weight in walking and
standing.

``
Bones belong to Spine ( Vertebral Column )

Cervical Vertebrae ( set of 7 bones )

-cervical vertebrae are vertebrae of the neck,
immediately below the skull.

Thoracic Vertebrae ( set of 12 bones )

-the human thoracic vertebrae are numbered T-1 – T12,
with the first one (T1) located closest to the skull and the
others going the spine toward the lumbar region.
Lumbar Vertebrae ( set of 5 bones )
-in human anatomy, the 5 vertebrae between the
ribcage and the pelvis.
- help support the weight of body and permit
movement

Sacral Vertebrae ( set of 5 bones at birth, fused )

- in human anatomy is a large triangular bone at
the base of the spine, that form by fusing of sacral
vertebrae S1-S5.
- is situated at the upper, back of pelvic cavity,
between the two wings of the pelvis.
Coccygeal Vertebrae ( set of 5 bones,
fused )
-commonly referred to as the tail bone,
is the final segment of the vertebral column
in human
 The function of chest
( thorax ) is the
protection of the
heart
Sternum
-or breastbone is a long flat bone
located in the center of the chest. Helps
to protect the heart, lungs and major
blood vessels from injury.

Ribs ( 24, 12 in pairs )

- the rib cage makes up the thoracic
wall and provides attachments for the
muscles of the neck, thorax, upper
abdomen, and back.
SKULL ( Cranium and Mandible ) 22 bones

The brain is PROTECTED by the

bones of the skull and by a covering of
thin membranes called meninges.
 Cranial Bones ( 8 bones )
-It support the structure of the face and
provides a protective cavity for the brain.
Bones belong to Cranial or Skull
Occipital Bone
-is a cranial dermal bone, and it is the main bone of the occiput.
Parietal Bone ( 2 )
-are two bones in the human skull which when joined together at a
fibrous joint, from the sides and roof of the cranium.
Frontal Bone
-the bone consists of three portion. These are the squamous part,
orbital part, and nasal part, making up the bony part of the forehead, part
of the bony orbital cavity holding the eye, a part of the bony part of the
nose respectively.
Temporal Bones (2)
-are situated at the sides and base of the skull,
and lateral to the temporal lobes of the cerebral
cortex.
Sphenoid Bone
-it is situated in the middle of the skull towards
the front, in front of the temporal bone and the
basilar part of the occipital bone
Ethmoid Bone
-is the unpaired bone in the skull that
separates the nasal cavity from the brain. It is
located at the roof of the nose, between the two
orbits.
 In human anatomy
and development, the
facial skeleton is
sometimes called the
Membranous
Viscerocranium.
-It Protects the Brain
Belongs to the Facial Bone
Nasal Bone ( 2 )
-are two small oblong bones, varying in size and form in
different individuals; they are placed side by side at the
middle and upper part of the face.
Maxillae ( upper jaw ) (2)
- the upper jaw includes the frontal portion of the palate
of the mouth.
Zygomatic Bone (2)
- it is situated at the upper and lateral part of the face
and forms the prominence of the cheek.
Lacrimal Bone (2)
-is the smallest and most fragile bone of the skull and
face; it is roughly the size of the little fingernail. It is
situated at the front part of the media wall of the orbit.
Inferior Nasal Concha (2)
-it is one of the turbinates of the nose.
Vomer
-is one of the unpaired facial bones of the skull.
It is located in the midsagittal line, and articulates
with the sphenoid, the ethmoid, the left and right
palatine bone, and the left and right maxillary bones
Palatine Bones (2)
-

Mandible Jaw ( lower jaw )

-is the largest, strongest, and lowest bone
in human face. It forms the lower jaw and
holds the lower teeth in place.
-it is the only movable bone of the skull.
Hyoid Bone ( not connected to any other
bone )
-is a horseshoe-shaped bone situated in
the anterior midline of the neck between the
chin and the thyroid cartilage. At rest it is
lies at the level of the base of the mandible
in the front and the third cervical vertebra
(C3)
is the portion of the ear internal to the eardrum,
and external to the oval window of the inner ear.
Malleus (2)
-is a hammer-shaped small bone or ossicle of the middle ear which connects
with the incus and is attached to the inner surface of the eardrum.
-it transmits the sound vibrations from the eardrum to the incus.

Incus (2)
-is the bone in the middle ear. The incus receives vibrations from the
malleus, to which it is connected laterally, and transmits these stapes medially.

Stapes (2)
-the strirrup-shaped small one is on and transmits these oval window,
medially.
(6 bones in total; 3 on each side
Humerus
-is the long bone in the arm or forelimb that runs from the shoulder to the
elbow. It connects the scapula and the two bones of the lower arm, the radius
and the ulna, and consists of three section.
Pectoral Girdle (shoulder)
-is the set of bones in the appendicular skeleton which connects to the arm
of each side. In human it consists of the clavicle and scapula.
*Scapula
-in anatomy the scapula is the bone that connects the humerus and
the clavicle
*Claviclea
-is long bone that serves as a strut between the shoulder blade and
the sternum or breastbone.
(4 bones, 2 each side )
Ulna
-is a long bone that found in the forearm that stretches
from the elbow to the smallest finger, and when in
anatomical position, found on the medial side of the
forearm.

Radius
-is one of the two large bones of the forearm, the other
being the ulna. It extends from the lateral side of the elbow
to the thumb side of the wrist and runs parallel to the ulna.
(54 bones, 27 each in each hand
*Carpals (8)
-are the 8 small bones that make up the wrist that connects the hand to the
forearm. In human anatomy the main role of the wrist is to facilitate effective
positioning of the hand and powerful use of the extensors and the flexor of the
forearm, and the mobility of the individual carpal bones increase the freedom of
movements of the wrist
*Scaphoid Bone (2)
-is one of the carpal bone of the wrist. It is situated between the hand and
forearm on the thumb side of the wrist.
*Lunate Bone (2)
-is a carpal bone in human hand. It is situated in the center of the proximal row
carpal bones, which lie between the ulna and the radius and the hand.
*Triquetral Bone (2)
-it is located in the wrist on the medial side of the
proximal row of the carpus between the lunate and pisiform
bones. It is the third most commonly fractured carpal bone
*Pisiform Bone (2)
-is a small knobbly, pea-shaped bone that is found in the
wrist. It forms the ulnar border of the carpal tunnel.
*Trapezoid Bone (2)
-is a carpal bone in tetrapods including human. It is the
smallest bone in the distal row of carpal bones that give
structure to the palm of the hand.
*Trapezium (2)
-is a carpal bone in the hand. It forms
the radial border of the carpal tunnel.
*Capitate Bone (2)
-is found in the center of the carpal bone region,
colloquially known as the wrist, which at the distal end of
the radius and ulna bones. The capitate bone is the largest
of the carpal bone in human hand.
*Hamate Bone (2)
-is the bone in the human wrist readily distinguishable
by its wedge shape and a hook-like process projecting
from its palmar process.
Metacarpals
(10 bones in total, 5 in each side )
-in human anatomy the metacarpals bones or
metacarpus, from the intermediate part of the
skeletal hand located between the phalanges of the
fingers and the carpal bones of the wrist which forms
the connection to the forearm.

Phalanges of the Hand

-are digital bones in the hands and feet of most vertebrae. The
phalanges are classed as long bones

Proximal Phalanges ( 10 bones in total, 5 in

each side
-are those that are closest to the hand or foot.
Intermediate Phalanges ( 8bones in total, 4 in
each side )
-is not only intermediate in location, but
usually also in size.

Distal Phalanges ( 10 bones in total, 5 in each

side )
-are bones at the tips of the finger and
toes.
Pelvis
( Pelvic Girdle ) (2bones)
- A bony cartilaginous
arch that support the hind
of a vertebrae
Femur (2)
-is the strongest bone in the body. The femur is also the longest bone in the
body.

Patella or Kneecap (2)

-is a thick circular-triangular bone which articulates with the
femur and cover and protects the anterior articular surface of the knee joint.
Tibia (2)
-also known as shinbone or shankbone, is the larger, stronger, and anterior of
two bones in the leg below the knee in vertebrae, and it connects the knee
with the ankle bones. The tibia is found on the medial side of the leg next to
fibula and closer to the median plane or centre-line.

Fibula (2)
is a leg bone located on the lateral side of tibia, with which it is connected
above and below.
(52 bones in total, 26 per foot )
*Tarsus
-is the cluster of 7 articulating bones in each foot situated
between the lower end of tibia and fibula of the lower leg and the
metatarsus.

*Calcaneus or heel bone (2)

-is a bone of the tarsus of the foot which constitutes the heel.

*Talus (2)
-the talus or ankle bone is one of the group of foot bones known
as tarsus.
*Navicular Bone (2)
-located on the medial side of the, and articulate
proximally with the talus, distally with the 3 cuneiforms
bone, and laterally with the cuboid.
*Medial Cuneiform Bones (2)
*Intermediate Cuneiform Bones (2)
*Lateral Cuneiform Bones (2)
-three cuneiform bones in human foot. They are located
between the navicular bone and the first, the second, and
third metatarsal bone, and are medial to the cuboid bone
*Cuboid Bone (2)
-in human body the cuboid bone is one of the seven
tarsal bones of the foot.
Metatarsal (10)
-are group of five long bones in the foot,
located between the tarsal bones of the hind-
and mid-foot and the phalanges of the foot.
Phalanges of the Foot
+Proximal Phalanges (5times2=10)
+Intermediate Phalanges (4times2=8)
+Distal Phalanges (5times2=10)