SAFETY EQUIPMENTS

NEED FOR SAFETY EQUIPMENT

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 CONSTRUCTION WORKERS EXPERIENCE A NUMBER OF SERIOUS INJURIES LIKE CHEMICAL

BURNS, BROKEN BONES, AND SEVERED FINGERS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS AT
THE SITE.HENCE, THERE IS A NEED TO PREVENT THESE DANGERS AND TO PROTECT THE
WORKERS FROM THE SAME.

 FOR THIS PURPOSE,SAFETY EQUIPMENTS ARE PROVIDED TO EVERYBODY IN THE SITE. DUE TO
THE SEVERITY OF THESE RISKS, COMPANIES CAN SUFFER HUGE FINES FOR THE NON-USAGE
OF SAFETY EQUIPMENT, AND IN SOME CASES CAN FACE MASSIVE LEGAL TROUBLE.

 THE PROTECTIVE DEVICES COULD BE :

 HEAD - HARD HATS TO PROTECT AGAINST FALLING OBJECTS.
 EYES - SAFETY GLASSES, FACE SHIELDS.
 EARS - INCLUDES EAR PLUGS AND EAR MUFFS TO PROTECT AGAINST LOUD NOISE THAT
CAN OCCUR ON SITE.
 BACK- SUPPORT BELTS TO PROTECT AGAINST MUSCLE STRAINS.
 HANDS AND FEET - INSULATED GLOVES, STEEL TOED BOOTS TO PROTECT AGAINST SHOCKS.

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 THERE ARE A LOT OF INJURIES AND ACCIDENTS THAT GET REPORTED FROM THE CONSTRUCTION SITE. THE
PROVISION OF SAFETY EQUIPMENTS TO ALL THE PEOPLE AT SITE IS A WAY OF CONSIDERABLY REDUCING THIS
NUMBER

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 LIST OF EQUIPMENTS
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 HELMETS
 FACE SHIELDS AND SAFETY MASKS
 EYE EQUIPMENT
 SAFETY GLASSES
 CHEMICAL SPLASH GOGGLES
 EAR EQUIPMENTS
 EAR PLUGS
 EAR MUFFS
 SUPPORT BELTS FOR BACK
 HAND SAFETY EQUIPMENTS
 SAFETY VESTS
 SAFETY BOOTS
 HARNESSES
 SIGNAGE AND BARRIERS

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 HARD HATS
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 A HARD HAT IS A TYPE OF HELMET PREDOMINANTLY USED IN WORKPLACE ENVIRONMENTS SUCH AS

INDUSTRIAL OR CONSTRUCTION SITES TO PROTECT THE HEAD FROM INJURY DUE TO FALLING OBJECTS,
IMPACT WITH OTHER OBJECTS, DEBRIS, RAIN, AND ELECTRIC SHOCK.
 SUSPENSION BANDS INSIDE THE HELMET SPREAD THE HELMET'S WEIGHT AND THE FORCE OF ANY IMPACT
OVER THE TOP OF THE HEAD.
 THERE IS ALSO SPACE OF APPROXIMATELY 30 MM (1.2 INCHES) BETWEEN THE HELMET'S SHELL AND THE
WEARER'S HEAD, SO THAT IF AN OBJECT STRIKES THE SHELL, THE IMPACT IS LESS LIKELY TO BE TRANSMITTED
DIRECTLY TO THE SKULL.
 HARD HATS SHOULD BE INSPECTED FOR DENTS, CRACKS, AND OTHER DAMAGE PRIOR TO EACH USE.
 IT IS NOT ONLY FOR THE WORKERS BUT IT IS NECESSARY FOR ANYBODY WALKING THROUGH THE SITE TO
WEAR THE HELMET.
 FOR PROTECTION FROM RAIN, DIRECT SUNLIGHT AND ELECTRIC SHOCKS.
 THEY ARE PREDOMINANTLY MADE OF HDPE [HIGH DENSITY POLYETHYLENE] OR ADVANCED ENGINEERING
RESINS, SUCH AS ULTEM.

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 FACE SHIELDS AND SAFETY MASKS
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 A FACE SHIELD IS A DEVICE USED TO PROTECT WEARER'S FACE FROM HAZARDS SUCH AS FLYING OBJECTS
AND ROAD DEBRIS, CHEMICAL SPLASHES ETC.
 IT IS A DEVICE INTENDED TO PROTECT THE WEARER'S PARTIAL OR ENTIRE FACE AND THE EYES FROM
DIFFERENT HAZARDS, DEPENDING ON FACE SHIELD TYPE. FACE SHIELDS SHOULD BE USED WITH
SPECTACLES AND/OR GOGGLES.
 FACE SHIELDS ARE ALWAYS CONSIDERED SECONDARY PROTECTORS TO BE USED IN ADDITION TO
PRIMARY PROTECTION SUCH AS SAFETY GLASSES OR GOGGLES.
 FACE SHIELD WINDOWS ARE MADE WITH DIFFERENT TRANSPARENT MATERIALS AND IN VARYING DEGREES
OF THICKNESS. THE THICKNESS OF THE FACE SHIELD WINDOW SHOULD BE MATCHED TO THE TASK.
 MATERIALS USED ARE POLYCARBONATE AND CELLULOSE ACETATE.

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 DUST MASK
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 A DUST MASK IS A FLEXIBLE PAD HELD OVER THE NOSE AND MOUTH BY ELASTIC OR RUBBER STRAPS TO
PROTECT AGAINST DUSTS ENCOUNTERED DURING CONSTRUCTION OR CLEANING ACTIVITIES.IT PROVIDES
PROTECTION AGAINST RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS.
 A DUST MASK IS WORN IN THE SAME FASHION AS A PAINT MASK OR SURGICAL MASK, BUT IT IS
DANGEROUS TO CONFUSE THE THREE BECAUSE THEY EACH PROTECT AGAINST SPECIFIC AIRBORNE
DANGERS
 USING THE WRONG MASK FOR A JOB CAN PRESENT A SIGNIFICANT AND POSSIBLY DEADLY DANGER AS
MANY DUST MASKS WITH WIDELY VARIED LEVELS OF PROTECTION MAY LOOK SIMILAR.
 DUST MASKS ARE MANUFACTURED TO PROTECT AGAINST ONLY CERTAIN DANGERS, AND DO NOT
PROTECT AGAINST CHEMICALS SUCH AS VAPORS AND MISTS.

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 EYE EQUIPMENT
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 PROTECTS EYES FROM PARTICULATES, CORROSIVE CHEMICALS, WIND BLASTS AND RADIATION.
 MAJORITY OF THE EYE INJURIES TAKE PLACE DUE TO FOREIGN PARTICLES, GASSES OR OBJECTS THAT GET
INTO THE EYES WHILE WELDING, CUTTING, GRINDING, NAILING, WORKING WITH CONCRETE ETC.
 WORKING AT SITES WITH EXTREME WINDS, SPARKS, SMOKE, OR DANGEROUS CHEMICALS ALSO REQUIRES
HIGH PRECAUTIONS AND SAFETY EQUIPMENT.
 THE TYPE OF SAFETY EYE PROTECTION YOU SHOULD WEAR DEPENDS ON THE HAZARDS IN YOUR
WORKPLACE:
 WHILEWORKING IN AN AREA THAT HAS PARTICLES, FLYING OBJECTS OR DUST, YOU MUST AT LEAST WEAR
SAFETY GLASSES WITH SIDE PROTECTION (SIDE SHIELDS).
 WHILE WORKING WITH CHEMICALS, ONE MUST WEAR GOGGLES.
 WHILE WORKING NEAR HAZARDOUS RADIATION (WELDING, LASERS OR FIBER OPTICS) ONE MUST USE
SPECIAL-PURPOSE SAFETY GLASSES, GOGGLES, FACE SHIELDS OR HELMETS DESIGNED FOR THAT TASK.

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 EYE SAFETY
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THINGS DONE TO PROTECT THE EYES:

INJURY:
 KNOW THE EYE SAFETY DANGERS AT YOUR WORK.
 ELIMINATE HAZARDS BEFORE STARTING WORK BY USING MACHINE.
 GUARDS, WORK SCREENS OR OTHER ENGINEERING CONTROLS.
 USING PROPER EYE PROTECTION.
 KEEP YOUR SAFETY EYEWEAR IN GOOD CONDITION AND HAVE IT REPLACED IF IT BECOMES DAMAGED.

FIRST AID FOR CHEMICALS IN THE EYE:

 IMMEDIATELY FLUSH THE EYE WITH WATER FOR AT LEAST 15 MINUTES.
 IF YOU ARE WEARING CONTACT LENSES, IMMEDIATELY REMOVE THEM BEFORE FLUSHING THE EYE.
 DO NOT BANDAGE THE EYE.
 SEEK IMMEDIATE MEDICAL ATTENTION AFTER
FLUSHING.

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 EYE SAFETY
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FIRST AID FOR PARTICLES IN THE EYE:

 DO NOT RUB THE EYE.
 TRY TO LET YOUR TEARS WASH THE SPECK OUT, OR IRRIGATE THE EYE WITH AN ARTIFICIAL TEAR SOLUTION.
 IF THE PARTICLE DOES NOT WASH OUT, KEEP THE EYE CLOSED, BANDAGE IT LIGHTLY AND SEEK MEDICAL
CARE.

FIRST AID FOR BLOWS TO THE EYE:

 GENTLY APPLY A COLD COMPRESS WITHOUT PUTTING PRESSURE ON THE EYE. CRUSHED ICE IN A PLASTIC
BAG CAN BE PLACED GENTLY ON THE INJURED EYE TO REDUCE PAIN AND SWELLING.
 IN CASES OF SEVERE PAIN OR REDUCED VISION, SEEK IMMEDIATE MEDICAL CARE.

FIRST AID FOR CUTS AND PUNCTURES TO THE EYE OR EYELID:

 DO NOT WASH OUT THE EYE.
 DO NOT ATTEMPT TO REMOVE AN OBJECT THAT IS STUCK IN THE EYE.
 COVER THE EYE WITH A RIGID SHIELD, LIKE THE BOTTOM HALF OF A PAPER
 CUP.
 SEEK IMMEDIATE MEDICAL CARE.

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 EAR SAFETY
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 CHAINSAWS, JACKHAMMERS, AND OTHER TOOLS AND HEAVY EQUIPMENT CREATE NOISE LEVELS THAT
CAN DAMAGE WORKERS’ HEARING—PARTICULARLY WITH PROLONGED EXPOSURE. HENCE , THERE IS A
NEED TO PROVIDE EAR SAFETY MEASURE AS WELL ESPECIALLY IN AREAS WHERE HIGH NOISE LEVELS
PERSISTS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PROCESS.
EAR PLUGS:
 AN EARPLUG IS A DEVICE THAT IS INSERTED IN THE EAR CANAL TO PROTECT THE USER'S EARS FROM LOUD
NOISES, INTRUSION OF WATER, FOREIGN BODIES, DUST OR EXCESSIVE WIND.
 SINCE THEY REDUCE THE SOUND VOLUME, EARPLUGS ARE OFTEN USED TO HELP PREVENT HEARING LOSS
AND TINNITUS (RINGING OF THE EARS).
EAR MUFFS:
 CUPS LINED WITH SOUND-DEADENING MATERIAL, ARE WORN AS HEARING PROTECTION.
 THESE MAY BE CARRIED ON A HEAD-BAND OR CLIPPED ONTO THE SIDES OF A HARD HAT, FOR USE ON
CONSTRUCTION SITES.
 THE HEAD-BAND AND OUTER COVERING IS
USUALLY MADE FROM A HARD THERMOPLASTIC
OR METAL.

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 HAND SAFETY
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 THE WORKERS USE THEIR HANDS FOR MOST OF THE ACTIVITIES ON SITE .HENCE, THERE IS A NEED TO
POVIDE PRECAUTIONERY MEASURES.
 THE FOLLOWING ARE SOME FACTORS THAT MAY INFLUENCE THE SELECTION OF PROTECTIVE GLOVES FOR
A WORKPLACE:
 TYPE OF CHEMICALS HANDLED.
 NATURE OF CONTACT (TOTAL IMMERSION, SPLASH, ETC.).
 DURATION OF CONTACT.
 AREA REQUIRING PROTECTION (HAND ONLY, FOREARM, ARM). GRIP REQUIREMENTS (DRY, WET, OILY).
 THERMAL PROTECTION.
 SIZE AND COMFORT.
 ABRASION/RESISTANCE REQUIREMENTS

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 TYPES OF PROTECTIVE GLOVES
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LEATHER, CANVAS OR METAL MESH GLOVES:

 STURDY GLOVES MADE FROM METAL MESH, LEATHER OR CANVAS.
 PROVIDE PROTECTION AGAINST CUTS AND BURNS.
 LEATHER OR CANVAS GLOVES PROTECT AGAINST SUSTAINED HEAT.
 LEATHER GLOVES PROTECT AGAINST SPARKS, MODERATE HEAT, BLOWS, CHIPS AND ROUGH OBJECTS.
 ALUMINIZED GLOVES PROVIDE REFLECTIVE AND INSULATING PROTECTION AGAINST HEAT.
 REQUIRE AN INSERT MADE OF SYNTHETIC MATERIALS TO PROTECT AGAINST HEAT AND COLD.
FABRIC AND COATED FABRIC GLOVES:
 FABRIC AND COATED FABRIC GLOVES ARE MADE OF COTTON OR OTHER FABRIC
 PROVIDES VARYING DEGREES OF PROTECTION.
 FABRIC GLOVES PROTECT AGAINST DIRT, SLIVERS, CHAFING AND ABRASIONS.
 THEY DO NOT PROVIDE SUFFICIENT PROTECTION FOR USE WITH ROUGH, SHARP OR HEAVY MATERIALS.
ADDING A PLASTIC COATING WILL STRENGTHEN SOME FABRIC GLOVES.
 BY COATING THE UNNAPPED SIDE WITH PLASTIC, FABRIC GLOVES ARE TRANSFORMED INTO GENERAL-
PURPOSE HAND PROTECTION OFFERING SLIP-RESISTANT QUALITIES.

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 TYPES OF PROTECTIVE GLOVES
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CHEMICAL AND LIQUID RESISTANT GLOVES:

 CHEMICAL-RESISTANT GLOVES ARE MADE WITH DIFFERENT KINDS OF RUBBER.
 NATURAL, BUTYL, NEOPRENE, NITRILE AND FLUOROCARBON (VITON) OR VARIOUS KINDS OF PLASTIC
POLYVINYL CHLORIDE (PVC), POLYVINYL ALCOHOL AND POLYETHYLENE.
 THESE MATERIALS CAN BE BLENDED OR LAMINATED FOR BETTER PERFORMANCE.
 AS A GENERAL RULE, THE THICKER THE GLOVE MATERIAL, THE GREATER THE CHEMICAL.

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 SAFETY VEST
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 A SAFETY VEST IS CRITICAL PIECE OF SAFETY EQUIPMENT DESIGNED AND REGULATED TO ENHANCE THE
VISIBILITY OF WORKERS.
 SAFETY VESTS ARE BASICALLY USED FOR HIGH VISIBILITY AS THESE ARE USUALLY REFLECTIVE.
 THEY ARE MADE OF BRIGHT, NEON COLOURED FABRIC.
 THE USE OF SAFETY VESTS DECREASES THE CHANCES OF AN ACCIDENT HAPPENING ON SITE, BECAUSE
WORKERS ARE EASILY IDENTIFIED AND VISIBLE.
 THERE ARE DIFFERENT TYPES OF SAFETY VESTS FOR DIFFERENT OCCASIONS:
 USUALLY COMES IN ORANGE, YELLOW AND LIME; THESE BRIGHT COLORS ALLOW FOR INCREASED
VISIBILITY OF THE WORKER IN AREAS WITH LOW TRAFFIC.
 IN AREAS WITH MODERATE TO HIGH TRAFFIC OR AT NIGHT, WORKERS NEED TO WEAR THESE VIBRANT
COLORS, BUT THE VEST MUST ALSO CONTAIN REFLECTIVE MATERIALS THAT COME IN WHITE OR SILVER.
THESE REFLECTIVE MATERIALS ALLOW FOR VISIBILITY DURING NIGHT PROJECTS OR WHEN THERE IS HIGH
TRAFFIC VOLUME, SUCH AS HIGHWAY CONSTRUCTION.

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 SAFETY BOOTS
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PROTECTION FROM FALLING OBJECTS AND FLYING OBJECTS :

 WHEN WORKERS CARRY HEAVY MATERIALS OR WORK IN DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTS WHERE MANY PEOPLE,
MACHINES AND VEHICLES ARE OPERATING AT
ONCE, FALLING AND FLYING OBJECTS ARE COMMON HAZARDS.
 PROTECTIVE SHOES LIKE STEEL TOE BOOTS CAN EFFECTIVELY PREVENT CRUSHING INJURIES TO THE FEET.
PUNCTURE PROTECTION:
 WHEN WORKERS COULD STEP ON SHARP OBJECTS OR BE STRUCK BY SHARP OBJECTS FROM ABOVE, SHOES
WITH HEAVY-DUTY SOLES AND THICK MATERIALS SURROUNDING THE FOOT OFFER THE BEST PROTECTION.
ELECTRICAL HAZARD PROTECTION:
 ELECTRICITY POSES A VARIETY OF RISKS IN THE WORKPLACE. WORKERS COULD FACE POTENTIAL ELECTRIC
SHOCKS OR ACCUMULATE STATIC ELECTRICITY, WHICH CAN LEAD TO ELECTRIC SPARKS IN CERTAIN
ENVIRONMENTS. TO REDUCE THE CHANCES OF AN ELECTRICAL.
 ACCIDENT, NON-CONDUCTIVE FOOTWEAR MADE FROM LEATHER, RUBBER OR OTHER MATERIALS THAT DON’T
CONDUCT ELECTRICITY NEED TO BE WORN.
BURN PREVENTION:
 BURNS FROM FIRE CAN HAPPEN IN THE WORKPLACE, BUT SO CAN BURNS FROM CHEMICALS AND EVEN FROM
COMMON WORKPLACE.
 FOOTWEAR MADE FROM DURABLE MATERIALS CAN PREVENT BURNS FROM CHEMICALS SPLASHES, MOLTEN
METAL SPLASHES AND OTHER DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES THAT COULD INJURE THE SKIN ON THE FEET.

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 HARNESS
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 A SAFETY HARNESS IS A FORM OF PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT DESIGNED TO PROTECT A PERSON,

ANIMAL, OR OBJECT FROM INJURY OR DAMAGE.
 THE HARNESS IS AN ATTACHMENT BETWEEN A STATIONARY AND NON-STATIONARY OBJECT AND IS
USUALLY FABRICATED FROM ROPE, CABLE OR WEBBING AND LOCKING HARDWARE.
 THESE SYSTEMS LET THE WORKER “SIT BACK” IN THEIR HARNESS WHILE PERFORMING WORK WITH BOTH
HANDS.
RETRIEVAL HARNESSES
 ARE COMMONLY USED IN CONFINED-SPACE SCENARIOS, WHERE WORKERS MIGHT HAVE TO BE
LOWERED OR RAISED INTO A WORK SPACE.
 THE RETRIEVAL HARDWARE MAKES RESCUE OF AN IMMOBILE WORKER MORE EFFICIENT, AND
DISTRIBUTES LIFTING FORCES MORE EVENLY.
SUSPENSION HARNESSES
 PROVIDE A BUILT-IN SEAT SUPPORT FOR THE WEARER, ALLOWING FOR A HANDS-FREE WORK
ENVIRONMENT.
 THESE ARE USED BY WINDOW WASHERS AND PAINTERS, TOWER MAINTENANCE, AND DRILLING
PLATFORM CREWS.
 SUSPENSION SYSTEMS ALLOW FOR FREEDOM OF MOVEMENT, AND ALLOW WORKERS TO PERFORM
JOB DUTIES IN OTHERWISE DANGEROUS PLACES.
ONCE YOU KNOW THE TYPE OF WORK BEING PERFORMED, THERE ARE A FEW OTHER FACTORS TO
CONSIDER WHEN CHOOSING RIGHT HARNESS :
 COMFORT
 KEEPING COOL
 DURABILITY

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 SIGNAGE AND BARRIERS
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 IMPORTANT PART OF SAFETY MEASURES THAT HELPS PEOPLE BE ALERT WHILE CROSSING CONSTRUCTION
AREAS.
 SIGNAGES PROVIDE WARNING MESSAGES IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS AND TELL THE WORKERS OR
VISITORS THE DO’S AND DON'TS FOR A SAFE WORKPLACE.
 BARRIERS ARE USED TO SEPARATE DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE CONSTRUCTION SITE.
 THESE SAFETY ESSENTIALS ARE USED TO PREVENT:
 ACCESS TO HAZARDOUS ZONES.
 ENTRANCE OF ANY VEHICLE THAT IS PROHIBITED IN CONSTRUCTION ZONE.
 CROWD TO BREAK INTO CONSTRUCTION ZONE.
 WHETHER IT IS FOR DEMARCATION, ZONING, ISOLATION, OR OTHER PURPOSES IN THE CONSTRUCTION,
BARRIERS AND CONSTRUCTION ARE INSEPARABLE. THE
 IT IS THE MOST IMPORTANT WAY TO NOT ONLY PROTECT WORKERS BUT ALSO THE GENERAL PUBLIC.
 ROBUST, EASY TO INSTALL, VISIBLE, STRONG AND DURABLE.
 BARRIERS HAVE BECOME A STANDARD OF SAFETY IN CONSTRUCTION.

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