Training Topic

Chemical & Oil Spill

Emergency Response Plan
What is a Spill?
An amount of something that has come out of a container.

Ex: Oil Spill from a barrel or Tanker truck etc.

Can a solid be spilled?

Yes or No

If yes, please quote an example

What about a gas?

Yes or No

If yes please quote an example

Types of Spill

a) Minor Spill-
 Is generally confined to a localised area,
 Doesn’t effect large population
 Doesn’t need evacuation
 Can be handled In-house

b) Major Spill
 Any situation you think you cannot handle
 Escapes boundary of unit
 Has huge potential to effect large population
 May Need Evacuation
 Needs support from external agency
Causes of Spill

 Miscommunications
 Not Understanding SOP’s
 Complacency or being tired
 Working hastily or distracted
 Equipment Break down and Malfunctions
 Weather Conditions such as earthquakes, Floods, and Thunderstorms

Actions to Eliminate Oil Spill

 Participating in the training program.

 Reviewing and updating SOPs regularly.
 Reviewing log entries related to spill prevention (for example, gauging log).
 Integrating spill prevention in your daily activities.
 Monitoring spill prevention activities associated with each transfer operation
(for example, checking valve line-ups).
 Talking to other employees about actions to avoid “near miss” incidents.
 Performing routine maintenance
Case Study
 SPILLAGE CONTROL PLAN

Product spillages or leakages could occur from: -

 Product Pipelines –
 Storage Tanks –
 Transfer Hoses –
 Road Tankers –
 Pressure Vessels –
 Drums –
 Slops Tanks –
 Collision of on-site vehicles
The spillage or leakage may well occur without an actual fire risk being present. Many of the products
stored in the Terminal are non-flammable, i.e. Combustible C1 or C2, Class 6, Class 8, or non-dangerous
goods.

Some products have the potential to generate a toxic/flammable vapour cloud. It is imperative to
ascertain the actual product involved in a spillage or leakage incident as quickly as possible in order to
verify if a fire risk, or toxic vapour risk is present. This information is critical in deciding which of the following
action plans must be put into place.
 SPILLAGE CONTROL PLAN
Scenario II
SPILLAGE OR LEAKAGE WITH FIRE RISK and/or TOXIC VAPOUR CLOUD

Scenario II
SPILLAGE OR LEAKAGE WITHOUT FIRE RISK

Spill Emergency Action plan

 Raise Alarm & Notify all concerned through appropriate communication channels(Incident &
Emergency Controller)
 Establish Source of spill
 Cease all the operations
 Evacuate the area & move to Assembly point
 Use Safety equipment' & PPE’S
 Isolate Source of Spill
 Evaluate toxicity & flammability of the vapours
 Contain spread of chemicals
 Not Contained? Pump Back to system or alternate container
 Prevent further escape of chemical/oil
 Barricade area for authorised entry only
 Commence decontamination procedure
 Consult Emergency Controller
 SPILLAGE CONTROL PLAN
Decontamination Procedure

The following sets out the procedure to contain and decontaminate areas that have
been affected by a loss of containment. –

 Contain the spill using sand or soil – prevent run off into drains and waterways. –
 Do not allow vapour or liquid to collect and remain in hollows or sumps.
 If appropriate cover with foam to reduce vapour. –
 Use an absorbent (sail, sand or other appropriate material – refer to MSDS if necessary).
 Collect with clean non-sparking tools and seal in properly labelled drums for disposal.
 Dilute residual liquid with water to at least 25:1 (to elevate flash point).
 Wash down area with excess water.
 If contamination of sewers or waterways has occurred advise local emergency services.
 Always wear appropriate protective equipment to prevent skin and eye contact and breathing
vapours