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Ethernet Networking2
Ethernet Networking2
Collision/Broadcast Domain
• The term collision domain defines the set of
devices for which their frames could collide
• A broadcast domain is a set of NICs for which a
broadcast frame sent by one NIC will be received
by all other NICs in the broadcast domain.
• Hub?
• Bridge?
• Switches?
• Routers?
IST 228\Ch1\Internetworking 2
10-Mbps Ethernet
• No hub, switch, or wiring panel. The series of cables
creates an electrical bus
• the carrier sense multiple access collision detect
(CSMA/CD)
10BaseT with a Hub One electrical bus shared among all devices creating a single
collision domain, cabled in a star topology using twisted-pair
cabling
10BaseT with a Switch One electrical bus per switch port creating multiple collision
domains, cabled in a star topology using twisted-pair cabling
Half Duplex Logic that requires a card to only send or receive at a single
point in time. Used to avoid collisions
Full Duplex Logic that enables concurrent sending and receiving, allowed
when one device is attached to a switch port, ensuring that
no collisions can occur.
IST 228\Ch1\Internetworking 7
Ethernet Addressing
• Ethernet uses MAC address burned into
each NIC.
• 48 bits (6 bytes)
• First 3 bytes assigned by IEEE
• Unicast MAC Address
• Broadcast MAC Address (FFFF.FFFF.FFFF)
• Multicast Address
IST 228\Ch1\Internetworking 8
Ethernet Frames
• Framing defines how
a string of binary
numbers is
interpreted
• Preamble
• SD: Start frame eliminator
• Destination MAC address
– Unicast
– Broadcast
– Multicast
• Source address
• Length of file
• DSAP SSAP, SNAP (Subnet Network Access Protocol)
• Control/Data
• Frame Check Sequence (FCS)
IST 228\Ch1\Internetworking 9
Ethernet Cabling
Straight-Through Cable
• Host to Switch or hub
• Router to Switch or hub
Rolled Cable
• Serial Port
Crossover Cable
• Switch to Switch
• Hub to Hub
• Host to Host
IST 228\Ch1\Internetworking 10
Data Encapsulation
Hello! &@$
: : Name: Segment
IST 228\Ch1\Internetworking 11
: :
Name: Packet or Datagram
• Step 5: Transmission
Physical
Layer 10010100001
IST 228\Ch1\Internetworking 12