I N F O R M AT I O N

SYSTEM

BY: GROUP “F”

Content

 Information system
 Type of information system
 Operational support system
 Transaction process system
 Process control system
 Enterprise Collaboration system
 Management support system
 Management information system
 Decision support system
 Executive information system
 Content covered by:

 Information system……….Susmita Dhital

 Type of information system…Susmita Dhital
 Operational support system….Smriti Shrestha
 Transaction process system….Smriti Shrestha
 Process control system----------Suman Bhujel
 Enterprise Collaboration system-----Suman Bhujel
 Management support system------Suman Thapa
 Management information system----Suman Thapa
 Decision support system-------------Suyog Subedi
 Executive information system-----Suyog Subedi
 Different between TPS, MIS, EIS---Nilesh Ghimire
 Different between OSS and MSS-----Nilesh Ghimire
Objective of presentation
 To understand about information system
 To learn about different type of information system
 To understand about important and role of information system in
organization
 To be able differentiate about the information system.
Information system

 An information system is an organized collection, storage, and presentation of

data and other knowledge for decision making, progress, reporting and for
planning and evaluation of programs.
 It is defined as the software that help to organize and analyze data.
 It is mainly made of two word information and system.
 Its main role is to support the key aspects of running of an organization, such as
communication, record-keeping, decision making, data analysis, and more
(Bizfluent, 2019)
 It support and handles the flow and maintenance of information that support
business operation.
https://bizfluent.com/about-6525978-role-
information-systems-organization.html
Representation of information system

https://slideplayer.com/slide/5866360/
Role of information system
Operational Role: A business information
system carries out specific functions in
support of operations, including payroll,
employee record storage, preparing and
storing company documents etc. In
supporting operations, the information
system can increase efficiency and improve
employee’s productivity.
2) Controlling Role: Monitoring and
controlling the activities of employees is a
core function of information systems because
management has a duty to prevent fraud and
theft within and outside the organization.
An authorized employees to log in and access
the relevant functions. For example, only a
few employees may be authorized to
generate a company check. In addition to
limiting who can perform such functions, the
system keeps track of who logged in and
carried out the task.
3) Decisional Role: The third fundamental
role of information systems is to support
management in making effective and
efficient decisions which is always based on
information.
Type of information system
CLASSIFICATION OF INFORMATION
SYSTEM

https://blog.essaycorp.com/essence-of-management-
information-systems/
 Operational Support System (OSS)
 It is a software component that allow a service provider to
monitor, control, analyse, and manage the services on its
network.
 These types of software applications, along with a business
support system (BSS), support most customer-facing
activities.
 Basically, used by network planners, service designers,
operations, architects and engineering teams in the service
provider.
 The four key OSS elements include: Processing, Data,
Applications and Technology.
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Types of OSS

Transaction
Processing
System (TPS) Process
Control
Systems Enterprise
Collaboration
System
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 Transaction Processing System (TPS)
 It is an information processing system for business
transactions involving the collection, modification and
retrieval of all transaction data.
 It is also known as real-time processing or transaction
processing.
 Main characteristics of TPS include performance, reliability
and consistency.
 The main aim of TPS is to provide all the information
needed to keep the business running properly and efficiently.
 Examples: sales processing, inventory systems, accounting
systems.
https://www.techopedia.com/definition/707/transaction-process-system-tps
https://www.mbaskool.com/business-concepts/it-and-systems/7132-transaction-processing-system.html
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Merits and Demerits of TPS
Merits
 Reduction in processing time, lead time and order cycle time.
 Increase in productivity and customer satisfaction.
 Batch or real-time processing available.
 Reduction in personal and ordering costs.
Demerits
 Lack of standard formats.
 Hardware and software incompatibility.
 High setup costs.

https://bizfluent.com/facts-5977213-role-information-technology-business.html
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 Processing Control System
▸ Process control systems (PCS) can also be called as industrial control systems (ICS)
which function as pieces of equipment along the production line
during manufacturing that test the process in a variety of ways, and return data for
monitoring and troubleshooting.
▸ More complicated PCS devices are robotic and perform many tasks.
▸ The PCS devices can communicate their data to a company’s enterprise resource
planning (ERP) computer application through middleware software.
▸ It also help in lowering operation and maintenance costs throughout the entire life cycle
of a system on the other.
▸ It ensure complete transparency without requiring additional costly expert systems.

https://www.techopedia.com/definition/33169/control-system 14
 Advantages of Processing Control System
▸ Lower operating costs
▸ Direct labor costs are also reduced
▸ Assists decision-making
▸ Increase automation and reduce human intervention
▸ Reduce rework, concessions and scrap
▸ Increased process control makes more efficient use of materials, resulting in
less scrap

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 Disadvantages of Processing Control System
▸ Worker displacement
▸ Loss of flexibility
▸ Higher level of maintenance needed
▸ High capital expenditure required for investment
▸ Workers will become slaves to automated machines

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ENTERPRISE COLLABORATION
SYSTEM

• Enterprise Collaboration System (ECS) is an information system used to facilitate

efficient sharing of documents and knowledge between teams and individuals in
an enterprise.
• ECS solutions include a variety of enterprise communication tools, including email,
video conferencing, project management software and collaborative software.
• ECS allows team members to work from different physical locations, divisions,
departments or remote areas through internet, groupware, etc.
• Enterprise collaboration is a system of communication among corporate employees
that may encompass the use of a collaboration platform, enterprise social
networking tools, a corporate intranet and the public Internet.

https://www.techopedia.com/definition/1014/enterprise-
collaboration-systems-ecs
 Advantages of Enterprise Collaboration System

▸ Drives optimal productivity and performance

▸ Reduces travel and phone costs
▸ Brings together distributed teams
▸ Makes users more available
▸ Provides the flexibility and agility of a small business
▸ Gets tasks completed faster

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Disadvantages of Enterprise Collaboration System
▸ Conflicts in working styles
▸ Too many faux leaders
▸ Competition between partners
▸ Lack of information and experience
▸ Lack of resources, especially at decision-making stage. Resistance to
change
▸ Cultural mismatch between organizations
▸ Lack of consistency and clarity on roles and responsibilities

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Management Support System

Definition
▸ An MSS is an information system that integrates the functional capabilities
of a decision support system, executive information system, and
knowledge-based or expert system.

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-0-387-70802-7_28
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 Types of MSS
▸ Decision Support System
▸ Executive Information System
▸ Expert System

Sources:
https://www.igi-global.com/dictionary/evaluation-decision-making-support-systems/17791
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Importance
Data Mining
▸ - examination of large volume of data for trends and patterns
▸ - drill down techniques to break down higher level figures into lower level
figures

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Importance
▸ Data Visualization
▸ - representing data with the help of three dimensional visuals
▸ - histograms that may be navigated for further details of its component data,
with the help of any pointing device like mouse

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Importance
Genetic Algorithm and neural networks
▸ effective tools for analysis of financial data
▸ high speed computing facilities, genetic algorithms are now finding new
applications in financial modelling

Sources:
http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/database/importance-of-management-support-systems-
for-business-enterprises/10438 24
 Management Information System
▸ computer system consisting of hardware and software that serves as the
backbone of an organization’s operations
▸ gathers data from multiple online systems
▸ analyzes the information, and reports data to aid in management decision-
making
▸ is also the study of how such systems work

Sources:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Management_information_system
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Importance
Decision Making
▸ improved decision-making, by providing up-to-date, accurate data on a variety
of organizational assets like:
▸ Financials
▸ Project timelines
▸ Manufacturing
▸ Real estate

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Importance
Data Manipulation
▸ collects the data, stores it, and makes it accessible to managers who want to
analyze the data by running reports

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MIS Requirement
▸ Are good problem solvers
▸ Like to work with people
▸ Can think strategically about technology

Sources:
https://www.shopify.com/encyclopedia/management-information-systems-mis
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MIS Application
▸ Business Analyst
▸ Business Application Developer
▸ IT Consultant
▸ Systems Analyst
▸ IT Development Project Leader
▸ Database Administrator
▸ Business Intelligence Analyst
▸ Systems Developer
▸ Database Analyst
Sources:
http://erau.edu/degrees/bachelor/technical-management?utm_campaign=WW_BSTM_Technical-
Management 29
Decision Support System - DSS
What Is a Decision Support System?
▸ A decision support system (DSS) is a computerized program used to support
determinations, judgments, and courses of action in an organization or a business.
A DSS sifts through and analyzes massive amounts of data, compiling
comprehensive information that can be used to solve problems and in decision-
making.

Source:
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/d/decision-support-system.asp
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Example
A DSS may be used to project a company's revenue over the upcoming six months based on
new assumptions about product sales. Due to a large number of factors that surround projected
revenue figures, this is not a straightforward calculation that can be done manually. However, a
DSS can integrate all the multiple variables and generate an outcome and alternate outcomes, all
based on the company's past product sales data and current variables

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Executive Information System
An executive information system (EIS) is a decision support system (DSS) used
to assist senior executives in the decision-making process. It does this by
providing easy access to important data needed to achieve strategic goals in an
organization. An EIS normally features graphical displays on an easy-to-use
interface.

https://www.techopedia.com/definition/1016/executive-information-system-eis

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▸ Consider the example of maintaining an airplane. There are numerous critical parts to
an airplane that have to be carefully inspected after a certain number of flight hours.
A DSS could be used to assist safety inspectors in making sure no critical parts get
missed and that any issues that come up are dealt with appropriately.

▸ Senior management is not specifically interested in the one-time inspection of a

single plane. They are interested, however, in making sure the company has an
outstanding safety record, and they need to know that the inspection program is
working effectively. So the safety inspection program as one unit would be part of an
EIS, but the details on individual plane inspections would not.

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Differences

https://pediaa.com/what-is-the-difference-between-eis-and-dss/
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Differences Between OSS and MSS
Differences Between TPS, PCS and ECS

Source: http://indstuds.yolasite.com/resources/02.types_of_is.pdf 36
 CONCLUSION
• Hence, Information system is set of software and hardware, that help to organize, and analyze
the data,
• Information system is needed for organization to make appropriate decision, to solve the
problem and to succeed.
• so, from the presentation we can say that information system is needed to determine appropriate
decision making, As well as organization rely in information system that allows for the
processing and analyzing of information. moreover, the use of information system is different
according to organization level.
REFERENCE
• https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_business-information-systems-design-an-app-for-that/s05-
01-what-are-information-systems.html
• https://www.slideshare.net/mrscjrobertson/organisational-information-systems
• http://www.chris-kimble.com/Courses/World_Med_MBA/Types-of-Information-System.html
• https://smallbusiness.chron.com/three-fundamental-roles-information-systems-business-
23681.html
Thank You!
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