EIA-Steel Industry
Air
Components of Fresh air
There are five major components of air:
nitrogen (78.0842%), oxygen (20.9463%), wa
ter vapor (about 1%), argon (0.93422%),
and carbon dioxide (0.03811%). Trace
components make up another 0.002%. Out
of all these substances, the one that animals
(including humans) need to survive is
oxygen, while plants require carbon dioxide
and nitrogen.
What Makes it bad ?
Air pollution comes from many different sources:
• Stationary sources such as factories, power plants,
and smelters and smaller sources such as dry
cleaners and degreasing operations; mobile sources
such as cars, buses, planes, trucks, and trains; and
naturally occurring sources such as windblown dust,
and volcanic eruptions, all contribute to air pollution.
• Air Quality can be affected in many ways by the
pollution emitted from these sources. These
pollution sources can also emit a wide variety of
pollutants.
Impact on Quality
• Industrial pollution is one of the main causes of air
pollution. The emissions from different industries contain
gaseous contaminants such as sulphur, carbon dioxide
(CO2), oxides of nitrogen, methane, and so on.
• These gases, when too much in the atmosphere,
frequently results in several illnesses and environmental
hazards.
• Formation of acid rains, the presence of smog, and
heightened incidences of respiratory disorders among
humans are some of the implications of air pollution.
Types of Air Pollutants
• Particulate matter
• Sulphur Dioxide
• Nitrogen Dioxide
• Carbon Monoxide
• Lead
Water
Potable water or improved drinking water, is water
that is safe to drink or to use for food preparation,
without risk of health problems.
Characteristics of potable water are as follows:
i) Cleaned of Harmful Contaminants .
ii) It is transparent.
iii) It is odourless and colourless.
iv) It is harmless or free from disease causing
bacteria.