SIMPLE RANDOM

SAMPLING
A simple random sample is a subset of a
statistical population in which each member
of the subset has an equal probability of
being chosen. A simple random sample is
meant to be an unbiased representation of a
group.
To conduct this kind of sampling
procedure, the researcher must have a list
of all members of the population of
interest. From this list, the sample is drawn
so that each person has an equal chance of
being drawn.
To avoid researcher bias, computerized
sampling programs or random number
tables may be used. Reducing bias enables
the researcher to estimate sampling errors
derived through statistical calculations.
Example:

The example in which the names of 25

employees out of 250 are chosen out of a
hat is an example of the lottery method at
work. Each of the 250 employees would be
assigned a number between 1 and 250, after
which 25 of those numbers would be chosen
at random.
Because individuals who make up the subset
of the larger group are chosen at random,
each individual in the large population set
has the same probability of being selected.
This creates, in most cases, a balanced
subset that carries the greatest potential for
representing the larger group as a whole,
free from any bias.
For larger populations, a manual lottery
method can be quite onerous. Selecting a
random sample from a large population
usually requires a computer-generated
process, by which the same methodology
as the lottery method is used, only the
number assignments and subsequent
selections are performed by computers,
not humans.
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