Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Development
Randy Wayne
Shoals Marine Laboratory
Summer, 2009
Caryopsis: Embryo within is Bipolar
The plant will be
growing into two
physical phases:
– The plumule will
be growing into a
bright, dry phase.
– The radical will
be growing into a
dark, moist,
nutrient rich
phase.
Bipolar Corn Plant
Plumule Inside Caryopsis
Radical Inside Caryopsis
Mesocotyl Inside Caryopsis
Germination
Germination
Stem Apical Meristem
• The stem and root apical
meristems give rise to all
the primary tissues in the
stem and root,
respectively.
• The stem apical meristem
gives rise to the leaves.
• The apical meristems
carry embryonic stem
cells with them.
• A stem cell is a cell that
divides to form two
daughter cells, one of
which differentiates and
one of which remains a
stem cell.
Intercalary Meristems
Stem:
The Organ that Supports the Leaves
• Primary growth results in an
increase in height not girth.
• Corn and other monocots
stems have scattered
vascular bundles composed
of xylem and phloem tissue.
Each bundle is surrounded by
a ring of cells called a bundle
sheath.
• Corn and other monocots do
not exhibit secondary growth
of concentric annual rings
produced by a vascular
cambium.
Vascular Bundle: One Structure—
Many Functions
Phloem and Xylem in Vascular
Bundle in Stem
The Location of the Vascular Bundles
Provides Mechanical Strength
Corn Sunflower
Surface View of Corn Leaf Showing
Chloroplast-Containing Mesophyll Cells
Corn Leaf (xs)
Corn Leaves:
The Photosynthetic Organs