stage, large tumor size and poor differentiation • Prospectively reviewed results from 37 patients with HNSCC, all of whom were treated with radiotherapy ± surgery (without chemotherapy). • Results : The 3- year disease-free survival (DFS) was 53% for patients with SUV <9.0 compared with a 3- year DFS of 24% for patients with SUV >9.0. • Treatment of tumors with high FDG uptake (SUV >5.5) was at greater risk of failure in 63 patients treated by radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy similar findings in a larger study population (n = 120) • The baseline SUV in a retrospective study of 60 HNSCC patients who received radiotherapy ± chemotherapy. the 2-year DFS rates were 76% in patients with SUVmax <9.0 versus 37% inthose with SUVmax ≥9.0 • The differences in outcome between patients with`low' and `high' SUVmax values were as dramatic as the differences seen with respect to the tumor, node and metastasis stage, suggesting that FDGPET SUVmax can potentially serve as a valuable biomarker. • Primary tumor baseline SUVmax also has predictive value in assessing the tumor burden, lymph node involvement and local extension.