UNDERSTANDING MEDIA:

AESTHETICS OF FILM AND TV

BY: WORSHIP
 THE FILM FORM

 Film — was earlier called "moving

pictures" since it consists of multiples
frames of pictures rapidly moving.
— 24 frames = 1 second
— later shortened into “movies”

 Cinema — specific bodies of work in film

that carry specific thematic topics.
 film comes in two formats:
1. Short film — running time will not
exceed one hour.
2. Feature-length film or full-length
film — exceeds one hour and lasts up
to two or three hours (sometimes
even longer).
 Modes of Film Production

 Preproduction
— where all the planning stages of the film are
made
— involves developing the concept of the film
until it becomes a full-blown film script or
screenplay
— workers and cast are hired
— visualization planning
 Production Stage
— actual shooting of the film
— also called the "principal photography phase“

 Postproduction Stage
— where everything will be put together
— editing, music composing, recording, special effects
— usually lasts for less than 25 days
 Film Formats

 When it comes to the visual treatment and

style, a film could be differentiated into four
typical formats and these are:
1) Narrative - A narrative film is fictional in
nature, meaning the characters and
situations were made up by the film's
scriptwriter.
Examples: Movies like The Wizard of Oz, The
Goonies, or Rocky.
 Documentary - The opposite of narrative
film is the documentary film which presents
nonfictional or factual characters and
situations in the film.

Examples:
Nanook of the North (1922), Grass: A
Nation's Battle for Life (1925), Moana (1926)
 Animation - The oldest form of film
format. Eventually, the moving image shot
at a fraction of a second appearance as
animated when projected in rapid
succession.

Examples:
Toy Story 2 (1999), Chicken Run
(2000) , Dinosaur (2000)
 Experimental - An experimental film is any film
that experiments with some aspect of the
filmmaking process example editing of visuals
and/or audio, filming techniques, and even the
mode of presentation.

Examples:
Manifesto, Meshes of the Afternoon,
Venom and Eternity
 Film Image Composition

 Film communicates its messages by using

similar clues and signposts like language. It
is also called "film language" when a film
uses audio or visual cues to alert viewers of
certain things, especially symbolisms.

 All the elements in a given film frame work

harmoniously together in order to deliver a
concrete message.
 These Elements are the following:
 The relationship of objects and people
 The play of light and dark
The colors and their patterns
 The position of the camera and the
angles used to frame the subjects
 Motion Framing Concept

 Movement is also important in

communicating a film’s message to the
audience.
 However, the movement could be done by 2
things: the camera itself or the
character/s in the frame
 When the camera moves, it may produce a
variety of emotional effects that could impact
on the way we are watching the scene.
Camera movements include:
- zoom - tilt
- pan - pedestal
- dolly - truck
- focus
 The TV Broadcast

 TV (Television)
 Similar to the aesthetics of the film form.
 Rules of Framing, image composition, and
motion concepts applicable in film are also
applicable in TV.
 more stable and has unending supply of
content than a film.
TV Programs - widely accessible to all
kinds of audiences at any given time, the
quality of shows need to be suitable for a
general audience.

Examples:
Eat Bulaga, Showtime, Magandang
Buhay, atbp.
 TV Stations (free-to-air) – broadcast from
a signal frequency which any regular
antenna could capture.

Local commercial channels in the

Philippines:
 ABS-CBN2, TV5, GMA-7, RPN9, GMA
News TV 11, IBC 13 and the state-run
PTV-4
UHF Stations (Ultra-high frequency)
- higher frequency to broadcast, therefore needing
more powerful antennas to capture.

Examples of local UHF Channels:

Channel 21 (ETC channel), ABS-CBN
Sports + Action 23, Net 25, Channel 29 (2nd
Avenue), Channel 31 (Jack City), Aksyon TV 41,
and other religious programs.
 Kinds of TV Shows

 Due to the overwhelming need for content in

a given TV station, the variety of
programming has expanded since the time
TV was invented.
Informative Programming -To fulfill its
role of delivering information, news
program were created to deliver current
events relevant to the viewing public.
 Examples of Informative Programming:
 News Program : runs for 30 min to 1 hour
 Small types News Program : only the
top headlines r shown in less than 5 min
News Magazine Program : Combined
hard news with other human interest feature
stories
 Documentary Type - Programs r available as
an extension of issues first presented in the
news.
 TV documentary - Also presents clear facts
and nonfictional events in their contents.
 Documentary Shows - Could vary from
science-base shows we see in the Discovery
Channel to the nature focused-programming on
National Geographic Channel.
Entertainment Programming - A
variety of fictional entertainment
options fill our daily TV programming
schedule guide.
Examples of Entertainment Programming:

 Dramatic Series: could watch 1 hour shows aired

once a week.
 Fiction Genre: could be seen in such dramatic
series
 Comedy shows or Sketch Comedy: watch 30min
situational comedy
 Mini-Series: crafted to show a select number of
episodes only and Is shown as a seasonal special
package
 TV Show Anatomy and Advertising

 In any kind of programming format, a key

element of how a TV show is designed the
show's content could be subdivided into
segments.

Example:
A one-hour type of drama series should
be broken down into at least four segments,
leaving gaps, or breaks in between segments.
 This is done to give way to advertisements that
sponsored the show, giving us the terms
"commercial gap" or "commercial break"
when referring to these portions in a typical TV
show broadcast.
 Sponsors are usually commercial brands selling
products, goods, or services. More popular shows
have more sponsors and commercials. In a
commercial TV station, the ads usually pay for the
existence of the show on air.