Cutting tool and

Cutting tool material

• 1 : Tool materials
• 2 : Types of tool materials
 Tool materials
• In order for a machining operation to
produced at a fast rate with minimum tool
and machining cost thr cutting tool material
must satisfy certain basic reqirements . The
more important of these requirements are
given below.
• 1 : Hot hardness
• 2 : Wear resistance
• 3 : Toughness
• 4 : low friction
• 5 : Thermal conductivity
• 6 : Cost
 1 : Hot hardness
• This represents the capacity of the tool to
retain its cutting ability and hardness at the
high temperature developed at the chip tool
interface
 2 : Wear resistance
• The life of the tool is determined by the wear
developed on its cutting face due to motion of
the chip and on its flank due to contact with
the machined surface
 3 : Toughness
• Toughness is necessary to enable the tool to
withstand cutting forces , to absorb shock and
to prevent the chipping of the cutting edge.
 4 : Low friction
• The co efficient of friction between the tool
material and the chip should be low . This is
important for the reducing tool forces ,
keeping chip tool interface temperature low.
 5: thermal conductivity
• A material with a high thermal conductivity
can conduct heat away from the chip tool
interface faster.
 6: Cost
• This incudes the cost of material , cost of
grinding and the cost of replacement when
the tool is worm out .
 Types of Tool Material
• 1 : Carbon tool steels
• 2 : High speed steels
• 3 : Cast Non ferrous alloys
• 4 : Carbides
• 5 : Ceramics
• 6 : Diamond
 1 : Carbon tool steels
• carbon tool steel contain carbon in amount
ranging from 0.90 to 1.20 percent
• cutting tools of carbon steels are limited to
slow speeds and light duty work
• THANK YOU