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Quantal
Graded
Quantal response: the response is in the
form of ‘all or none’, i.e. either no
response or maximum response.
Types:
potency is calculated as
follows:
For standard
Dose Log dose Response % response
(height) (cm)
0.1 -1 0.9 25.71
0.1 -1 0.9 25.71
0.2 -0.69 1.5 42.85
0.4 -0.39 2 57.14
0.6 -0.22 2.8 80
0.8 -0.09 3.5 100
1 0 2.3 65.71
For test
0.1 -1 0.7 20
0.3 -0.52 1.3 37.14
Maximum response (3.5) is
considered 100% response.
For 0.9,
Log dose
Other methods which are based on the dose-
response
relationship include 3 point, 4 point and 6 point methods.
The mean responses are calculated and plotted against log-dose and amount of
standard producing the same response as produced by the test is determined
graphically as well as mathematically:
n1 T - S1 n2 Cs
Conc. of Unknown = t X antilog S2 - S1 X log n1
t1 = lower dose of
test t2 = higher
dose of test T1 =
response of t1
T2 = response of
t2.
Commonly used method for the bioassay of
antagonist is simple graphical method.
Oxytocin Digitalis
Rabbit Head-drop Method :
Principle: d-Tubocararine hydrochloride is injected into the marginal
vein of a rabbit’s ear till the rabbit’s neck muscles are relaxed such
that the animal cannot hold its head up. The total amount of test
sample required to produce the endpoint is compared with the total
amount of the standard sample required to produce similar
endpoint.