Big Data Analytics for Healthcare

Industry:
Impact, Applications, and Tools

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 Abstract
• To discuss the impact of big data in
healthcare, and various tools available in the
Hadoop ecosystem for handling it and also
architecture of big data analytics for
healthcare.
• This involves the data gathering history of
different branches, the genome database,
electronic health records, text/imagery, and
clinical decisions support system.

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 Introduction
• According to a survey conducted in 2012,
healthcare data totaled nearly 550 petabytes
and will reach nearly 26,000 petabytes in
2020.
• The various classes of data in healthcare
applications include Electronic Health Records
(EHR), public records, etc.

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 What is Big Data?
• At The Big Data Institute (TBDI), big data is a
“term applied to voluminous data objects that
are variety in nature – structured, unstructured
or a semi-structured, including sources internal or
external to an organization”.
• The 4 V’s of Big Data in Healthcare:
 Volume
 Veracity
 Variety
 Velocity

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4 V’s in Health Care Industry

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 Why Big data analytics in Healthcare?
• The various classes of data in healthcare
applications include Electronic Health Records
(EHR), machine generated/sensor data, health
information exchanges, patient registries, portals,
genetic databases, and public records.
• Patient data in electronic health records (EHRs).
• According to a survey conducted in 2012,
healthcare data totaled nearly 550 petabytes and
will reach nearly 26,000 petabytes in 2020.
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 Challenges
• Healthcare Industry is facing many problems in
order to leverage potential benefits of Data
analytics:
Many players – Data sharing is cumbersome. Accurate
analytics is to be done on operational, clinical and
financial.
Resistance to change – Providers are used to make
treatment decisions based on their clinical judgment
instead of relying on protocols based on Big Data
Analytics.
Patient privacy and security.

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 Scenario of Analytics in Indian
Healthcare – A case study
• With Government initiatives under the Digital
India Program (DIP) led by the Prime Minister of
India, Mr. Narendra Modi – healthcare sector is in
the process of undergoing a massive digital make-
over.
• The e- health initiative under this Program allows
integration of the patient’s Electronic Health
Records in a ‘digital locker’, backed by Aadhaar
card which can be shared with doctors of both
public and private establishments.

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How can we believe that the data is
true in health sectors?

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 User: Apollo Hospitals, Chennai
• Business Case: To immunize the Hospital
against Hospital Acquired Infections (HAI).
• Solution: IT teams provisioned with powerful
big data analytics to enhance their ability to
define both preventive and prescriptive
treatment patterns by applying the solutions
of “RxAnalytics” along with microbiology
information.

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• Result: Post adoption of this solution has immensely benefitted across the
following parameters:
 Reduction in Analysis Time
 Scalability
 Standardized Approach
 Improved Quality of Healthcare
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Big Data Analytics in health Informatics
• In 2011, healthcare organizations had produced
more than 150 exabytes of data, all of which
must be efficiently analyzed to be at all useful to
the healthcare system.
• Which could be done with avoidance of Human
intervention.
– Previously Human Beings analyzed patterns by data
mining by prompting a prediction.
– At present, Machine learning evaluates a possible
pattern without Human Intervention.

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Impact of Big Data on the Healthcare
System

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Hadoop-Based Applications for Health
Industry
• The collection of software utilities known as the Hadoop ecosystem
can help the healthcare sector to manage this vast amount of data.
• The various applications of the Hadoop ecosystem in the healthcare
sector are as follows:
 Treatment of Cancer and Genomics : mapping of three billion DNA
base pairs.
 Monitoring of Patient Vitals : Hadoop Distributed File System (HDFS)
 Hospital Network : NoSQL database to collect and manage their huge
amounts of real-time data
 Healthcare Intelligence : Hadoop ecosystem’s Pig, Hive, and
MapReduce technologies process large datasets
 Prevention and Detection of Frauds : NoSQL database is also helpful in
preventing fraud

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 Why Hadoop?
• It is the latest technology available in the
market
• Many technologies like SAP, CEPH, BigQuery,
etc are used but they have some
dependencies:
a. Data Storage is costly
b. No efficient means to process data
c. MapReduce and HDFS are the main reasons

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Hadoop’s Tools and Techniques for Big
Data
• Apache Hadoop
• HDFS
• MapReduce
• Apache Hive
• Apache Pig
• Apache Oozie
• Apache Hbase
• Apache Avro
• ZooKeeper MapReduce procedure

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 Conclusion
• Analytics in Healthcare in India is still at a very
nascent stage, however the application of well-
defined and well-integrated analytics throughout
the healthcare value chain can be transformative.
The combination of big data and healthcare
• Analytics can lead to treatments that are effective
for specific patients by providing the ability to
prescribe appropriate medications for each
individual, rather than those that work for most
people.

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 References
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/322713448
_Scenario_of_Analytics_in_Indian_Healthcare.
• https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?arnumbe
r=8486794.
• A. Gandomi and M. Haider, Beyond the hype: Big data
concepts, methods and analytics, International Journal
of Information Management, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 137–
144, 2015.
• A. O’Driscoll, J. Daugelaite, and R. D. Sleator, “Big
Data”, Hadoop and cloud computing in genomics,
Journal of Biomedical Informatics, vol. 46, no. 5, pp.
774–781, 2013.

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THANK YOU..

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