NON-DESTRUCTIVE TESTING

DEMO
NDT (Non-Destructive Examination)

plays an important role in assuring that structural and mechanical

components perform their function in a safe, reliable, and cost-effective
manner.
NDT allows for careful and thorough materials evaluation without the
need for deconstruction or damage.
NDT is also employed while components are in use to detect service
related conditions caused by wear, fatigue, corrosion, stress, or other
factors which affect reliability.
Types of NDT/NDE
Types of NDT/NDE

▪ Visual and Optical Testing (VT)

▪ Radiography (RT)
▪ Ultrasonic Testing (UT)
▪ Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)
▪ Penetrant Testing (PT)
▪ Eddy Current Testing (ET)

▪ Coin Tap Test

Visual and Optical Testing (VT)

▪ Visual inspection is the process

of examination and evaluation
of systems and components by
use of human sensory systems
aided only by mechanical
enhancements to sensory input
such as magnifiers, dental
picks, stethoscopes, and the
like.
▪ The inspection process may be
done using such behaviors as
looking, listening, feeling,
smelling, shaking, and twisting.
Radiography (RT)

▪ This method of weld testing

makes use of X-rays, produced
by an X-ray tube, or gamma
rays, produced by a
radioactive isotope.
▪ The basic principle of
radiographic inspection of
welds is the same as that for
medical radiography.
Ultrasonic Testing (UT)

▪ Uses high frequency sound

energy to conduct
examinations and make
measurements.
▪ Ultrasonic inspection can be
used for flaw
detection/evaluation,
dimensional measurements,
material characterization, and
more
Magnetic Particle Testing (MT)

▪ is a non-destructive
testing technique utilized
to detect defects or discontinuities
(such as cracks) at or near the
surface in ferromagnetic metals
such as iron, steel, nickel, cobalt,
etc.
▪ Magnetic particle testing (as well
as other non-destructive testing
techniques) is primarily utilized in
the industrial sector to test metal
materials such as oil & gas
pipelines and various metal
machinery components to
prevent failures or accidents.
Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT)

▪ This is a simple low-cost

method of detecting surface-
breaking flaws such as cracks,
laps, porosity, etc. To be
detected, the flaw must reach
the surface to be tested.

▪ Penetrant testing is one step

up from visual inspection and
offers many advantages, such
as speed, large-area coverage
and cheapness.
Types of Liquid Penetrant Testing
FLUORESCENT DYE
PENETRANT
- A type of liquid penetrant
testing that has a special
lightning materials that could
be used. this type of penetrant
testing may be checked under
BLACKLIGHT, and it should be
having a ULTRA VIOLET
LIGHT (U.V. Light).
COLOR. GREEN
VISIBLE DYE PENETRANT
- A type of liquid penetrant
testing that can be done using
visual lights only, or it should
be done by checking it under
normal light using our naked
eye.
COLOR. RED
LIQUID PENETRANT

When using a liquid penetrant

testing. This should be done by
using 3 sprays.
-REMOVABLE CLEANER
-PENETRANT
-DEVELOPER
Cleaner/Remover

▪ A cleaner remover is used to

remove those excess dirt of the
surface are that will be going
to undergo using liquid
penetrant testing
Dye penetrant

▪ In visual testing using a normal

light, the most common color
of dye penetrant is red.
▪ Using a fluorescent type of
liquid penetrant testing, the
most common color of the dye
penetrant is green.
Developer

▪ The last step of spray that

should be done when using a
liquid penetrant testing.
▪ Developer is the final coating
that will spray on the specimen
to locate the discontinuities of
the surface area.
Classification of liquid penetrant spray
Steps of checking discontinuities
(Liquid Penetrant testing)
 Basic steps
1.Removal of excess dirt of the surface area that will checked using dye penetrant.
-Using a Lint Free Cloth -Using a cleaner/remover.
2. Application of dye penetrant. Dwell time should be 5 to 10mins.
-Using Dye Penetrant either red for visual, green for u.v. inspection.
3. Removal of excess penetrant using a removable cleaner.
-Using a Lint Free Cloth –Using a cleaner/remover.
4. Application of the developer. Dwell time should be 5 to 10mins.
-Using a type of developer spray.
5. Inspection and evaluation of where the discontinuity is located.
-Use a standard report.
6. Application of post cleaning. Repeat on the first step of cleaning through the specimen.
-Using a Lint Free Cloth –Using a cleaner/remover.