Project Management

Project
 A series of related jobs usually directed toward
some major output and requiring a significant
period of time to perform.
 Project management is planning, directing and
controlling resources (people,
equipment,material) to meet the technical, cost
and time constraints of the project.
 Three (3) organizational structure of project:
1. Pure Project= a self-contained team works full
time on the project.
 Pure Project
Advantages:
 Project manager has full authority over the project
 Team members report to the superior.
 Lines of communication are shortened.Decisions are
made quickly.
 Team pride, motivation and commitment are high
Disadvantages:
• Duplication of resources
• Team members are often physically and
psychologically removed from headquarters
• The organization falls behind in its knowledge of
technology because of weakened functional divisions
 They worry about life-after project
 2. Functional Project
 Project with a functional division
Advantages:
 A team member can work on several projects
 Technical expertise is maintained within the functional
area
 Functional area is a home after the project is
completed.
Disadvantages:
 Aspects of the project that are not directly related to
the functional area get short-changed
 Weak motivation of members
 Needs of the client are secondary
 Matrix Project
 Attempts to blend properties of functional and pure
project structures
 The project manager decides what tasks and when
they will be performed but the functional managers
control which people and technologies are used.
Advantages:
 Communication between functional divisions is
enhanced.
 A project manager is held responsible for successful
completion of the project.
 Duplication of resources is minimized.
 Team members have a functional “home”.
 Policies of the parent organization are followed.
 Matrix Project
Disadvantages:
 There were two (2) superiors
 Possibility of failure
 Critical Path Method
 It was developed for scheduling maintenance
shutdowns at chemical processing plants owned by
Du Pont.
 Based on assumptions that project activity times can
be estimated accurately.
 The critical path of activities in a project is the
sequence of activities that form the longest chain in
terms of their time to complete.
 The major goal of CPM techniques is determining
scheduling information about each activity in the
project.
 The techniques calculate when an activity must start
and end , together with whether the activity is part of
the critical path.