Polytechnic University of the Philippines

College of Engineering
Mechanical Engineering Department

ME LAB II
PRESENTATION

DIESEL ENGINE
POWER PLANT
Group 2

Pingol• Lupas• Pantoja • Bocalbos • Guerrero • Bautista • Dimarucut

DIESEL ENGINE POWER PLANT

A Diesel Engine
Power Plant is a type of
powerplant where we
use Diesel Engine as a
Prime Mover and is
connected to an
Electric Generator to
produce electricity.
DIESEL ENGINE POWER PLANT
The mechanical power
required for driving the
generator comes from
combustion of diesel. For
small scale production of
electric power, and where,
there is no other easily
available alternatives of
producing electric power,
diesel power station are
used.
Fig. 1 Diesel Engine Powerplant Layout
COMPONENTS OF A DIESEL POWER
PLANT
The essential components of a diesel electric power plant are
as follow:
1. Diesel Engine
2. Engine Fuel Supply System
3. Engine Air Intake System
4. Engine Exhaust System
5. Engine Cooling System
6. Engine Lubrication System.
7. AC or DC Generators
DIESEL ENGINE
Diesel engine is one of
the main components
present in the diesel
power plant. Mainly the
engines are classified in to
two types they are two
stroke engine and four
stroke engine. It is joined
or coupled to the
generator to develop
power.
FOUR STROKE ENGINE
TWO STROKE ENGINE
COMPARISON
Two Stroke Engine Four Stroke Engine

It has one revolution of crankshaft It has two revolution of crankshaft for

within one power stroke. one power strokes.

It generates less torque due to 2

It can generate high torque compare to
revolution of crankshaft between one
4 strokes engine.
power strokes.

Two stroke engines are less efficient

Four stroke engines are more efficient
and generate more smoke.
and generate less smoke.

More lubricating oil requires because

Comparatively less lubricating oil
some oil burns with fuel.
requires.
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF A DIESEL
ENGINE
Conceptually, diesel engines operate by
compressing air to high pressure/temperature
and then injecting a small amount of atomized
fuel into this hot compressed air. The high
temperature causes the small amount of highly
atomized injected fuel to evaporate. Mixing with
the hot surrounding air in the combustion
chamber, the evaporated fuel reaches its auto-
ignition temperature (210 C) and burns to
release the energy that is stored in that fuel
DIESEL OVER GASOLINE
DIESEL GASOLINE
Higher Compression Ratio
Low Compression Ratio ( 8 to 12)
(14.7 to 25)
Less Efficient than Diesel
More Efficient

Higher Energy Content

120,000 Btu/ gal
(147,000 Btu per gal)

Less Volatile than Gasoline Highly Volatile

ENGINE FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM
The fuel system contains the fuel transfer
pump, fuel pump, storage tank, heaters and
strainers. With the help of the Pumps the diesel
from the storing tank is drawn and with the help
of the filter it is supplied to the small day tank.
Day tank delivers the day-to-day fuel essential
for the engine. In place of the high placed flows
the day tank is used so that the diesel
movements the engine takes place under
gravity. Again the diesel filtered before it is
injected into the engine with the help of fuel
injection pump.
ENGINE FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM
ENGINE FUEL SUPPLY SYSTEM
LUBRICATING SYSTEM
The system minimizes the wear of rubbing
surfaces of the engine. It comprises of
lubricating oil tank, pump, filter and oil cooler.
The lubrication oil is drawn from the lubricating
oil tank by the pump and is passed through filter
to remove impurities .The clean lubrication oil is
delivered to the points which require
lubrication. The oil coolers incorporated in the
system keep the temperature of the oil low
LUBRICATING SYSTEM
EXHAUST SYSTEM
It’s used to remove the exhaust gas from the
engine to the atmosphere, and we also add a
silencer to this system to reduce the noise level
of the system. We use an exhaust manifold to
connect the engine cylinder exhaust to the
exhaust pipe to demand the fluctuating pressure
of the exhaust line with a muffler or silencer to
in turn reduces most of the noise resulted when
gases discharge directly to the atmosphere.
EXHAUST SYSTEM
It’s used to remove the exhaust gas from the
engine to the atmosphere, and we also add a
silencer to this system to reduce the noise level
of the system. We use an exhaust manifold to
connect the engine cylinder exhaust to the
exhaust pipe to demand the fluctuating pressure
of the exhaust line with a muffler or silencer to
in turn reduces most of the noise resulted when
gases discharge directly to the atmosphere.
AIR INTAKE SYSTEM

It is used to transfer fresh air through

louvers and air filter to the cylinder by an
intake manifold and we can fit a
supercharger driven by the engine
between the filter and the engine to
augment the power.
AIR INTAKE SYSTEM
It is used to transfer fresh air through
louvers and air filter to the cylinder by an
intake manifold and we can fit a
supercharger driven by the engine
between the filter and the engine to
augment the power.
AIR INTAKE SYSTEM
It is used to transfer fresh air through
louvers and air filter to the cylinder by an
intake manifold and we can fit a
supercharger driven by the engine
between the filter and the engine to
augment the power.
Baghouse
A baghouse, bag filter or fabric filter is an air
pollution control device and dust collector that
removes particulates out of air or gas released
from commercial processes
or combustion for electricity generation. Power
plants, steel mills, pharmaceutical producers,
food manufacturers, chemical producers and
other industrial companies often use baghouses
to control emission of air pollutants
Compound Vortex Controlled Combustion
What is CVCC?
CVCC was trademarked by the Honda Motor
Company for an engine with reduced
automotive emissions, which stood for
“Compound Vortex Controlled Combustion“.
This technology allowed Honda’s cars to meet
United States emission standards in the 1970s
without a catalytic converter and to pass the
1975 standards of the Clean Air Act.
C (“Compound”) represented the engine
mechanism with two combustion chambers:
main and auxiliary. V (“Vortex”) represented
the vortex, or swirl, generated in the main
chamber. Caused by a jet of flame from the
prechamber injected via a nozzle, the vortex
had the effect of increasing the speed of
engine combustion. CC (“Controlled
Combustion”) represented the engine’s ability
to properly control the speed of combustion.
ADVANCEMENTS
Honda’s big advancement with CVCC was that
they were able to use carburetors and they did
not rely on intake swirl. Previous versions of
stratified charge engines needed costly fuel
injection systems. Additionally, previous engines
tried to increase the velocity and swirl of the
intake charge in keeping the rich and lean
mixtures separated. Honda was able to keep the
charges adequately separated by combustion
chamber shape. It first appeared on the 1975
ED1 engine (or codenamed “993”).
COOLING SYSTEM
It is very important in the diesel power
station to have a cooling system to
maintain the overall temperature of the
engine at an agreeable level, and this
cooling system requires a water source, a
water pump which circulates water
through a cylinder, and cooling towers
which used to cool the hot water.
COOLING SYSTEM
COOLING SYSTEM

Cooling Tower
A cooling tower is a heat rejection device, which extracts
waste heat to the atmosphere though the cooling of a water
stream to a lower temperature.
Cooling System

How cooling tower works?

The hot water from the engine's water jacket
is sent to the cooling tower and the water
spreads evenly at the top. As the water flows
down the tower, the cooling fill spreads it over
a large area to increase the water-air contact,
thus enhancing heat transfer via evaporation.
• Water in cooling towers is cooling by evaporation
of water in the stream of atmospheric air and a
heat transfer by contact with air. Hot water from
the water jacket in the diesel engine flows
through the pipes to the distribution line of the
cooling tower which produces even water
distribution to all area of fills by the spray
nozzles. On the fills the water film is formed from
the surface of which evaporation of the water in
encounter air flow. Then larger the surface area
of the fills the more intensive is the evaporation
of the water and the more efficient the cooling
tower is.
• The water cooling efficiency of the fan cooling
towers may be controlled by varying the
supply air fans(changing of fan speed). A
theoretically ideal(loss-on work to convert the
water to steam) the limit of the cooling water
in the cooling tower is the temperature of the
outside wet-bulb temperature. In practice,
the limit of cooling is the temperature of the
humid thermometer of +3 degree Celsius.
Cooling water moves down and flows into a
catchment tank or water sump and then the
pump is supplied to the technology.
SITE CONSIDERATION

1. Near the load center to avoid

transmission costs.
2. Availability of a water source.
3. Distance from populated area.
4. Accessibility to roads for transportation
of fuel supply.
 DIESEL POWERPLANTS IN THE
PHILIPPINES
1. Bohol Diesel Powerplant – 22 MW
2. SPC Cebu Diesel Powerplant – 39 MW
3. Panay Diesel Powerplant – 69.9 MW
4. Western Mindanao Power Corporation –
112 MW
5. Subic Diesel Powerplant – 120 MW
6. Bauang Diesel Powerplant – 227 MW
Bohol Diesel Power Plant - 22 MW Panay Diesel Power Plant - 69.9 MW

SPC Cebu Diesel Power Plant

39 MW
Western Mindanao Power Corporation Subic Diesel Powerplant – 120 MW
112 MW

Bauang Diesel Powerplant - 227 MW

 IPP3
Capacity : 573 MW
Location: Amman,
Jordan
Developer: KEPCO
Built: May 2015