CULTICATION OF PLEUROTUS OSTREATUS

ON RUBBER TREE SAWDUST FERMENTED

WITH EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISM
Mohd Shawal Ismail
Pn. Noorhalieza Ali

ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to investigate the cultivation of oyster mushroom,
Pleurotus ostreatus, on rubber tree sawdust fermented with effective
microorganism (EM). The medium of the substrate which consisted of rubber
tree sawdust, rice bran and calcium carbonate with a ratio of 100:10:2, were
fermented within the period of 0, 7, and 10 days with different volume of
effective microorganism, 0 ml and 20. Three parameters are being observed in
this study which is mycelium growth, pinhead formation and biological
efficiency. EM and fermentation period (FP) show a significant affect on the
pinhead formation and biological efficiency. However, mycelium growth was
faster on substrate without FP. The most effective substrate formula was the
substrate fermented for 10 days with 20 ml EM, with biological efficiency of
30.67% and pinhead formation within 3 days.
RESULTS
INTRODUCTION Complete mycelium growth vs Fermentation period
Complete mycelium growth

Oyster mushroom or the scientific name is Pleurotus ostreatus has raise in 40

34
production over the world for the last few decade. The main source of media 35
29 28
30
30 26 26
for mushroom cultivation is rubber tree sawdust. However, Increasing price of
(day)

25

rubber tree sawdust have become a major obstacle for local mushroom 20

growers. The objective of this study is to formulate the substrate for cultivation
15
10

of oyster mushroom using rubber tree sawdust with different fermentation 5

period and volume of effective microorganism. EM is mixed cell culture which 0

0 day 7 day 10 day

is composed of photosynthetic bacteria, actinomycetes, yeast, lactobacillus and Fermentation period (day) 0 ml 20 ml
fungi. EM suppress harmful organism and increase rapid decomposition of
Pinhead formation 1st harvest vs Pinhead formation 2nd harvest vs
organic matter. Lactic acid in bacteria in EM enhance the breakdown of organic Fermentation period Fermentation period
matter such as lignin and cellulose. Using EM in cultivation of oyster 4.5
4 4
6
5
Pinhead formation (day)

Pinhead formation (day)

4
mushroom, it can help reduce the time taken to breakdown materials used as a 3.5
5
4 4 4
substrate for the mushroom cultivation into minor part. Thus, result in a better 3
2.5
4
3 3
growth of the mushroom. 2
2 2 2 2 3

1.5 2
1

METHODOLOGY
1
0.5
0 0
0 day 7 days 10 days 0 day 7 days 10 days
Fermentation days Fermentation days
FP 0 day 7 days 10 days 0 ml EM 20 ml EM 0 ml EM 20 ml EM

EM 0 ml 20 ml 0 ml 20 ml 0 ml 20 ml Biological efficiency
Sample 3 bags 3 bags 3 bags 3 bags 3 bags 3 bags
Substrate sample Average weight (g) Biological
FP EM 1st harvest 2nd harvest 3rd harvest effeciency (%)
Substrate 0 day 0 ml 204 ± 3.67 178 ± 16.33
Harvesting First harvest 25.47 ± 1.33
preparation 20 ml 166 ± 16.00 180 ± 7.00 23.07 ± 1.53
Pinhead 7 days 0 ml 166 ± 16.67 178.33 ± 1.33
formation
22.93 ± 1.20
20 ml 208 ± 13.33 183 ± 14.00 26.07 ± 1.82
Fermentation Incubation Second 10 days 0 ml 224 ± 29.33 203 ± 18.33 28.47 ± 3.17
(0, 7 & 10 days) (45 days) harvest Weighing of
mushroom 20 ml 245 ± 21.33 215.33 ± 20.67 30.67 ± 2.80

Pasteurization CONCLUSION
Spawning Third harvest Through out this study, EM and fermentation period brought significant
(100 C)
impact on the pinhead formation and biological efficiency. However
Mycelium Composition Rubber tree Rice Calcium
mycelium on substrate without fermentation period and EM growth fast,
growth sawdust bran carbonate which take only 26 days to complete. Substrate fermented for 10 days with
Ratio 100 10 2 20 ml EM was the most effective formula with 30.67% biological efficiency
and pinhead formation within 3 days.
AUTHORS
Mohd Shawal Ismail Pn Norhalieza Ali
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Upon the completion of this research, I want to express my sincere
SCEE SCEE
Faculty of Engineering Faculty of Engineering appreciation to my supervisor Pn Noorhalieza Ali, for her guidance and
encouragement. My sincere appreciation also extends to the lab assistant
mohdshawal97@gmail. halieza@utm.my
com En.Azri for his assist during the research.