LESSON 2

PRODUCTION OF FRYING OIL FLOWSHEET

CPO

DEGUMMING

BLEACHING

DEODORIZATION

FRACTIONATION

REFINED OIL
CPO (crude palm oil )

CPO consists of several compounds such as triglycerides,

diglycerides, monoglycerides, free fatty acids, phospholipids,
sterols, tocopherols, carotenoids, water, and other lipids.

DEGUMMING PROCESS

Degumming process is aimed to remove gumming

compounds such as phospolipids from CPO. Phosphoric acid
is added to the CPO as degumming agent. The process is run
at 90 C and 1 atm to produce degummed oil.
BLEACHING PROCESS
Bleaching process is conducted to remove colouring
compounds such as carotenoid and other
contaminants from oil. Bleaching process is carried
out using adsorbents such as bleaching earth.
Bleaching process is conducted at 90 C and 1 atm.
DEODORISATION
Deodorisation process is aimed to remove free fatty
acids and odor compounds from oil. Deodorisation is
conducted using steam at process condition 260 C
and 4 mbar.
FRACTIONATION
Fractionation process is aimed to separate olein (liquid phase) and stearin
(solid phase). Fractionation is carried out by cooling the oil. Olein is sold
as frying oil and stearin used as raw materials for other products.