GARDEN

SAVON
DESIGN

GROUP _
BS PHARMACY 1-1
Learning Objectives
 Identify what is Menstruation
 Know the phases and cycles
of Menstruation
 Homeostasis of Menstruation
Menstruation is the process
in which blood and other
tissues are shed from the
uterus and leave the body
through the vagina
The Menstrual Cycle is sometimes
divided into two cycles, called the
Ovarian Cycle and the Uterine
Cycle. The Ovarian Cycle includes
the events that occur in the
ovary
Homeostasis in menstruation:
 Hypothalamus
 Pituitary Gland
Receptor: Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus monitors the levels of estrogen and
progesterone in the blood

Control Center: Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus secretes GnRH, which goes straight
to the pituitary gland
Effector: Pituitary Gland
The pituitary Gland secrets FSH and LH

The hormones from the brain controls the level of

estrogen and progesterone released by the female
reproductive system, leading to the events of the
Ovarian Cycle
In positive In negative
feedback, feedback, rising
rising levels of
levels of hormones
feedback to
hormones
the
feedback hypothalamus
to and pituitary
increase gland to
hormone decrease the
production. production of
the hormones.
 During most of the menstrual cycle,
estrogen and progesterone provide
negative feedback to the hypothalamus
and pituitary gland.

This keeps their levels more or less

constant.
 During days 12–14, however, estrogen
provides positive feedback to the
hypothalamus and pituitary gland.

This causes a rapid rise in the production of

estrogen by the ovaries and leads to ovulation.