Chapter 1: Foundations of

Information System in E-Business

Section I

• Why IS are Important

• An IS Framework

• What is an IS

• The Major Roles of IS Section II

• Trends in IS • System Concept

• E-Business in Business • Component of IS

• Types IS • Recognizing IS
 Why Information System
Are Important

 Information System
merupakan fungsi
 Manager,
bisnis perusahaan.
wirausahawan,
atau profesional
bisnis perlu
mengerti tentang
sistem informasi.
 Sistem informasi
adalah asset
perusahaan.
 Information System Resources
and Technologies
James A. O’Brien
An Information System is an organized combination of
people, hardware, software, communications
networks, and data resources that collects,
transforms, and disseminates information in an
organization.

Information Technologies (IT ):

• Computer Hardware
• Computer Software.
• Telecommunications Networks.
• Computer-Based data Management's
Techniques.
 An IS Framework for Business Professionals

Management
Challenge

Business Information
Application Technology
Information
System

Development Foundation
Process Concept
 Foundations Concepts.
Perilaku dasar, teknik, business,
dan managerial concepts tentang
components serta peran-peran dari
system Informasi.
 Information Technologies.
Konsep pengembangan, dan
management issues untuk
information technology.
 Business Applications.
Penggunaan Information System
untuk operasional bisinis,
management, and competitive
advantage.
 Development Process.
Membangun, dan mengimplemensi
IS melalui strategic planning dan
application development approach.
 Management Challenges.
Tantangan pengelolaan teknologi
IS secara effectiv dan ber-etika,
strategies, dan security.
 The Fundamentals Roles of
Information System
Support of Strategic
Advantage.
Dukungan untuk keputusan-
keputusan strategic perusahaan
yang berdampak pada waktu Strategic
yang relatif panjang. Advantage
Support of Managerial Decision
Making.
Dukungan terhadap proses Managerial
pengambilan keputusan yang Decision Making
dilakukan oleh manajemen

Support of Business Operation. Business

Dukungan terhadap kegiatan Operation
operasional perusahaan seperti
pengolahan transaksi yang
terjadi sehari-hari.
 Overview of
Information System

The Expanding Roles of Information Systems

Peran yang diberikan oleh sistem informasi pada sebuah organisasi

telah meluas secara signifikan setiap waktu. Semua perubahan
meningkatkan pentingnya fungsi sistem informasi bagi suksesnya
perusahaan.
Perubahan-perubahan tersebut juga memunculkan suatu tantangan
baru bagi manajer dan end-user untuk secara effective
mendapatkan keuntungan potensial dari teknologi informasi.
 Enterprise and Global Internetworking : 1990s – 2000s
Internetworked Information System.
For end User, enterprise, and organizational computing, communications, and
collaboration, including global operation and management on the Internet,

The Expanding Participation of End User & Management

The Expanding Roles IS in Business and Management
Intranet, and Extranet.
Strategic and End User Support : 1980s – 1990s
End User Computing System.
Direct computing support for end user productivity and work group
collaboration.
Executive Information System.
Critical Information for top Management.
Experts System.
Knowledge-based Expert advice for end users.
Strategic Information Systems.
Strategic Products and Services for competitive advantage.

Decision Support : 1970s – 1980s

Decision Support System.
Interactive ad hoc support of the managerial decision-making process

Management Reporting : 1960s – 1970s

Management Information System.
Management reports of prespecified information to support decision making

Data Processing : 1950s – 1960s

Electronic data processing system.
Transaction processing, record keeping, and traditional accounting application
 E-Business Enterprise

The Internet Suppliers and Other Business Partners

Extranets Company
Boundary

Procurement, Distribution, and Logistics

Manufacturing Accounting,
Engineering &
and Finance, and
Research
Production Management

Intranets

Advertising Sales Customer Service

Extranets
Consumer and Business Customers
 Types of Information Systems

Sistem Informasi menunjukan peran pentingnya dalam mendukung operasional

dan manajerial pada bisnis. Maka secara konseptual dapat diklasifikasikan
sebagai Operation atau Management Support System.

Information
Systems

Operations Management
Others
Support Support
Systems
Systems Systems

Transaction Process Enterprise Management Decision Executive

Processing Control Collaboration Information Support Information
Systems Systems Systems Systems Systems Systems

End Of Section I
 Operation Support System

• Sistem Informasi diperlukan untuk proses mengolah data dan digunakan

dalam operasi organisasi. Sistem ini mendukung pengolahan informasi yang
diharapkan dalam day to day operation.
• Sebagai OSS (Operational Support System) sistem menghasilkan berbagai
produk informasi yang digunakan bagi internal dan external. Tetapi tidak
menekankan kepada produksi informasi terbaik yang dapat digunakan oleh
manajer, karena masih memerlukan proses lebih lanjut oleh manajer.
• Peran yang terpenting adalah efisiensi proses bisnis.

Transaction Process Control Enterprise

Processing Systems (PCS). Collaboration
Systems (TPS). Systems.
Monitor and
Support team,
Pengolahan data Control Industrial
workgroup, and
hasil transaksi Process.
enterprise
bisnis, update communication
database, Report and collaboration.
and Document
 Management Support System

Management Support System berfokus pada menyediakan informasi dan

mendukung bagi proses pengambilan keputusan oleh manajer. Sistem ini
memberikan dukungan bagi pengambilan keputusan strategic, Tactical,
supervisory.

Management Decision Support Executive

Information System (DSS) Information
System (MIS) Interactive ad hoc System (EIS).
Prespecified support for decision Provide Critical
Reports and display making process. Information from
MIS and DSS.
 Other Classification of Information Systems

• Kategori sistem informasi yang lebih uniq atau lebih spesifik lagi. Karena
sistem ini mampu mensupport aplikasi pada tingkat operasional maupun
manajemen.

Expert System Knowledge

Knowledge-Based Management
System System
Dissemination
knowledge within the
enterprise

Strategic Functional
Information System Business System
Support strategic Application for
output for Competitive Function of company
Advantage
 System Concepts:
a foundation
A System
A group of interrelated components working together
toward a common goal by accepting inputs and
producing outputs in an organizes transformation
process.

Three Basic interacting

components or functions :

• Input. • Processing. • Output.

Capturing Transformation Transferring
and process that elements that
assembling convert input have been
elements into output. produced by a
that enter transformation
the system process to
to be their ultimate
proceed. destination.
Jenis-jenis System Feedback

Keberadaan Feedback
• Open_Loop System Input Process Output
• Closed_Loop System

Bentuk
• Physical System
• Conceptual System

Hubungan dgn Lingkungan

• Open System
• Closed System
 Environment

Feedback Feedback
Signals Signals
Control by
Management

Control Control
Signals Signals

Input of Manufacturing Output of

Raw Materials Process Finished Products

System Boundary

Other Systems
 Stakeholders in the
Business Environment
The Community Competitors

Management
Gov. Agency

Customer
Control Feedback

Information System

Business
Economic Process Goods and
Resources Services
Market, Develop

Stockholder
People, Money, and Deliver Products, services,
Material, Machines, Product and Payments,
Supplier

Land, Facilities, Services, Support Contributions,

Energy, Customers, Other Information, Other
Information. Process Effects

Input Processing Output

Financial Institutions Labor Union

Information System Components
 Information System Resources
Software Resources
People Resources • Program.
Sekumpulan instruksi utk
Faktor manusia untuk
komputer.
beroperasinya sistem adalah
• Procedure.
• End-User. Instruksi yang digunakan
• IS Specialists. oleh manusia

Data Resources
• Database.
Kumpulan record atau files
yang terhubung secara logis.
Hardware Resources
• Knowledge Bases.
Semua media fisik dan material Penyimpan berbagai bentuk
yang digunakan dalam fakta dan aturan dari berbagai
pengolahan informasi : macam kesimpulan suatu
subjects.
• Machines.(Physical device)
• Media.(Object) Network Resources
• Communication Media
Media, perangkat komunikasi

• Network Support.
processor communication,
Modem.
 Information System Activities
4. Storage of Data Resources
1. Input of Data Resources
• Kegiatan menangkap (captured) • Kegiatan sistem informasi
dan menyiapkan data. Misalnya dimana data dan informasi
recording dan editing. Data disimpan untuk keperluan yang
dimasukan kedalam suatu akan datang dan digunakan oleh
media/mesin kemudian diolah. end user.

5. Control of System Performance

2. Processing of data into Information
• Memberikan feedback atas
• Kegiatan memanipulasi data seperti, kegiatan input, processing,
calculating, comparing, sorting, output, dan storage.
classifying, dan summarizing.
• Feedback harus dimonitor dan
dievaluasi apakah sesuai
3. Output of information product dengan kinerja standar.
• Informasi dalam berbagai bentuk • Feedback digunakan untuk
diberikan kepada end-user. melakukan penyesuaian pada
Produk informasi yang dihasilkan kegiatan sistem untuk
berupa report atau business mengoreksi ketidak efesien yang
document. terjadi.
 Recognizing
Information System

Identifikasi adanya sistem informasi :

• Adanya people, hardware, software, data, dan

network resources yang digunakan.

• Macam-macam Produk Informasi yang

dihasilkan.
• Aktivitas cara melakukan input, processing,
output, storage, dan control.
• Bagaimana sistem tersebut mendukung
operasional business, pembuatan keputusan
managerial, atau competitive advantage of a
business.

End Of Section I