DEFINITION

 Passive voice takes the form “O is done (by S)”

 Focus on the object

 The Road … is being repaired

Subject Verb

 My lunch is stolen everyday

Simple present
passive
Uses of the Simple Present
Passive
(1) Express actions, thoughts and feelings in the
present,
(2) describe habits and routines,
(3) state general facts and truths,
(4) describe events in the near future.
 The tuna fish in the river is caught

The car is washed every week.

Example :

Papers are made from trees.

This year 2018 civil festival is held in

March
Simple past active
Use of Simple Past

1) action in the past taking place once, never or several times

Example: He visited his parents every weekend.
2) actions in the past taking place one after the other
Example: He came in, took off his coat and sat down.
3) action in the past taking place in the middle of another action
Example: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang.
 Fried rice was eaten by me yesterday

Example :

The letter was sent by me to my father last

week

The car was repaired by mechanic

Simple Future
Passive

1) An action that is expected to take

place at some point in the future.
2) By using Will be
3) Followed by Verb 3
 The dinner will be prepared by me before you come
Example :

You will be taught some interesting in class next week

Present Perfect
Passive • Events and situation that occurred in the past and last
until now
• A recurring event before the present time
• Verbs in the present perfect passive are formed by the
present tense form of the verb have/has plus the past
participle be (been) followed by a past participle(V3)
 The job has been completed

Example :
The parcel has been received

An email has been sent.

Present continuous

• used for actions happening now or for

an action that is unfinished
• used when the action is temporary
• describe an action or event in the future
 The digital theodolite is being used.

Example :

The product is being marketed online

Passive Voice with
Modal Verbs

1. Modals are helping verbs, helping to improve the

sentence by communicating much more than the main
verb alone.
2. The modals cannot stand by themselves and always
appear with a main verb.
 Expressing Modal Verb
Strong obligation
must
logical conclusion / Certainty

prohibition must not

ability
permission can
possibility
ability in the past
polite permission could
possibility
Function permission
possibility, probability
may

of Modals polite permission

might
possibility, probability

lack of necessity/absence of obligation need not

50 % obligation
should/ought to
advice

logical conclusion
had better
advice
 The test must be completed in one hour.

EXAMPLE: This clock should be bought for my friend gift.

Mount Merapi could be climbed by him.

EXERCISE
 3. The important email has been sent by my secretary
1. The wood is cut by the carpenter. a. Simple past
a. Simple Past b. Present perfect
c. Modals
b. Present continuous d. Present contiuous
c. Simple present
d. Present Future 4. A novel was being bought by Raka
a. Simple past
b. Present perfect
2. An apple may not be eaten by Tatan c. Modals
d. Present contiuous
a. Simple past
b. Present perfect
5. The movie .... By the director (simple past)
c. Modals a. Will presented
d. Present contiuous b. Was presented
c. Should presented
d. Is being presented
1. The door is opened by him (change to interrogative, what is the type?)
2. Some information about the job can not be given by Juan (change to
interrogative, what is the type?)
3. A cup of tea is being drunk by Sheilla (change to interrogative, what is the type?)
4. Did Sue draw this circle? (change to passive, what is the type?)
5. Could you feed the dog? (change to passive, what is the type?)
 1. Make a sentence passive voice with modals using civil engineering term
 2. Make a sentence passive voice with present continuous
 3. Make a sentence passive voice with simple present using civil engineering term
 4. Make a sentence passive voice with simple past using civil engineering term
 5. Make a sentence passive voice with present perfect