Seminar on

ENERGY SCENARIO OF INDIA

This presentation is a part of internal assessment for the course PET
224 Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering. We are well aware that
this presentation carry 8% of the total internal assessment

By
Mr. Althamish Ahmed Pakeer ID No : 20181PET0008
Mr. Abhishek S.K ID No : 20181PET0005
Mr. Midhun John Sam ID No : 20181PET0045
Mr. Muhammed Arif ID No : 20181PET0055
Mr. Kishan kumar ID No : 20181PET0035
Mr. Rabeen Ali ID No : 20181PET0051
Instructor In-charge

Mr. Bhairab Jyoti Gogoi

Assistant Professor
Department of Petroleum Engineering
EVEN SEM, AY 2019-20
1
Contents

1. INTRODUCTION
2. RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
3. FUTURE PLANINGS
4. NATIONAL SOLAR MISSION
5. RENEWABLE ENERGY DEVELOPMENT
6. 2020 INDIAN ENERGY PLAN
7. NON RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
8. CONCLUSION

2
1.Introduction

India is presently the world’s fourth largest economy as far as Purchasing

Power Parity (PPP) terms as concerned (the GDP in PPP terms is
estimated at approximately USD 3.2 trillion) and the fifth large energy
consumer in the world. However, due to its high population of
approximately 1.1 billion, the per-capita consumption of most energy
related products is extremely low. The per capita energy consumption is
estimated to be a very modest 530 Kg of Oil Equivalent (kgoe), while the
world average is approximately 1800 kgoe

3
PLANNING COMMISSION REPORT

•By the year 2021, oil and natural gas will meet 44 per cent of India’s
energy requirement compared to 50 per cent by coal

•Nuclear and hydel energy would form 2.5 per cent and 3.5 per cent,
respectively

• Natural Gas may form 14 per cent of our energy needs in 2021
compared to 8.6 per cent today.

4
2.Renewable Energy Sources

•Hydel

•Wind Energy

• Biogas / Biomass

• Bio-fuels

• Solar energy

•Energy from wastes

5
Hydel

• India has a total hydro energy potential of about 1.5 lakh MW of which
about 20 % is installed

• Small hydro plant potential is about 15000 MW and most of it is in the

northern and eastern hilly regions.

• The film ‘Swades’ is a perfect example of how power starved villages

could realize their sources in to power.

6
Wind Energy

•The wind power potential of India is about 45,000 MW out of

which capacity of 8748 MW has been installed in India.
•India is one of the leading countries in generating the power
through wind energy.
• Gujarat, AP, Karnataka, MP and Rajasthan are states having
more than 5000 MW potential each.
• These potentials could be improved if the technology of putting
turbines in sea is embraced. There are wind farms on sea
generating as high as 160 MW of power.

7
Biogas / Biomass

• Biomass is the oldest means of energy used by humans along with solar
energy.

•Biomass is converted into gas through a gasifier after combustion. The

biomass could be used to generate steam or power or used as a fuel.

•There are various examples of gasifier power plants in India. Power is

generated using rice husk in Andhra Pradesh, while several bagasse based
plants are there.

• India has a potential of 3500 MW from bagasse.

• Other fast growing plants could be planned over a huge area, so that it
provides biomass for generating power.

8
Solar energy

• The oldest source of energy to be used on earth! Even today, this is

used to dry tons of material – mostly in rural areas.

• According to estimates, 35 MW of power could be generated from 1 sq

km. With such potential, solar is going to be the future. The startup
cost is the biggest limitation which has led to the low realization of the
potential it has. For solar energy to become one of the front runners, it
will require lot of research, cheap technology and low capital.

• There are various technologies coming up around the world, which

could be up scaled or replicated to use solar energy.

9
Solar energy

Cooking, lighting, water heating and open air drying

applications are common now-a- days, using solar energy.
There are other applications like solar vehicles, desalination,
agriculture, etc. which are coming up. It will take time to
catch up because of the high cost involved in it. The two
main methods of converting solar energy in to power are:
i) Photovoltaic cells
ii) Concentrated solar power and any operating.

10
Energy from wastes

• Tons of wastes are generated daily in Mumbai alone.

• Such huge quantity of wastes generated all over India, are a huge
opportunity to be tapped.

• Sorting is required to be done for organic and inorganic and there is a

good quantity for energy needs. Some of these are converted into fuel
briquettes and sold.

11
3.Future planning's

• China, Germany, Italy and India were among the nations that most
successfully attracted private investments, according to new research
released by The Pew Charitable Trusts.

• India stands third tied with Germany behind China and the United
States of America, in Ernst & Young’s Country Attractiveness Indices for
the world renewables market.

• Indian solar market has benefited from an amended RPO and other
financial support. Interestingly, India scores better than China and
Germany in the solar index only behind USA standing second.

12
Future planning's

Panchabuta was the first to report on the Solar PV and thermal

developers shortlisted for the first phase of the Solar Mission.
37 developers for a aggregated capacity of 620MW have been
shortlisted and PPA’s signed.

13
4.NATIONAL SOLAR MISSION

1. An ambitious program launched by GOI.

2. Aims at ultimate capacity of 20,000 MW by year 2020.

3. Capacity enhancement targeted in three phases o 1300 MW by

March, 2013(Phase–1) + 1100 MW grid connected and 200 MW off-
grid (Phase-2) o 4000 MW or more by year 2017- (Phase-3)

4. Several off-grid applications, which are already commercially viable or

near viability to be scaled up: o Solar thermal water heaters o Solar
lighting system for remote and in-accessible areas

14
5.India targets renewable energy development

 India could be the next hotspot for solar power developments, as it strives to
boost green energy capacity to help overcome severe power constraints and
cut pollution. The country is primed to build Asia’s maiden solar park as part of
its wider goal to quadruple generating capacity from renewable sources to 72.4
gigawatts (GW), or nearly 16% of total capacity by 2022.

 The government hopes the expansion of solar and other green energy sources
will fill a huge supply gap, which sees some 50% of the population having
limited or no access to commercial energy. Gujarat state will invest more than
$2.3bn to build Asia’s first solar park, which will provide infrastructure for 500
megawatts (MW) of capacity. Electricity from the facility, which expects 330
sunny days a year, will be sold to the state government, which has agreed to
buy power from as much as 933 MW of new capacity.

15
6.2020 20GW Indian Solar Energy Plan: Enviro News

• India intends to implement a comprehensive and rigorous renewable

energy plan, it emerged on August 4th 2009. Through harnessing the
power of the sun, India’ plan is to have electricity from solar energy
feeding 20 GW (gigawatts) into the national grid by 2020.

• 20 GW represents a huge amount of electricity. To put it into

perspective, the IEA (International Energy Agency) envisages that, by
2020, total worldwide capacity from solar energy will be around 27
gigawatts. On this basis, then, India’s solar electricity will represent
approximately three- quarters of this.

16
7.Other energy resources are- (non-renewable)

• Coal

• Oil

• Natural Gas

• Nuclear Power.

17
Coal

• India has huge coal reserves, at least 84,396 million tonnes of proven
recoverable reserves.

• This amounts to almost 8.6% of the world reserves and it may last for
about 230 years at the current Reserve to Production (R/P) ratio.

• In contrast, the world's proven coal reserves are expected to last only
for 192 years at the current R/P ratio. India is the fourth largest
producer of coal and lignite in the world. Coal production is
concentrated in these states (Andhra Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar,
Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Orissa, Jharkhand, West Bengal).

18
Oil

• Oil accounts for about 36 % of India's total energy consumption.

• India today is one of the top ten oil-guzzling nations in the world and
will soon overtake Korea as the third largest consumer of oil in Asia
after China and Japan.

• The country's annual crude oil production is peaked at about 32 million

tone as against the current peak demand of about 110 million tone.

19
Natural Gas

• Natural gas accounts for about 8.9 per cent of energy consumption in
the country

• The current demand for natural gas is about 96 million cubic metres
per day (mcmd) as against availability of 67 mcmd

• Natural gas reserves are estimated at 660 billion cubic meters.

20
Nuclear Power

• Nuclear Power contributes to about 2.4 per cent of electricity generated

in India.

• India has 19 nuclear power reactors at 6 nuclear power stations

producing electricity.

• Some of these which are presently in working are-Kaiga

(Karnataka),Kakarpur(Gujrat),Kalpakam(Tamilnadu),Narora(U.P),
Rawabhata (Rajsthan),Tarapur(Maharastra)...

21
8.CONCLUSION

• Finally we can conclude that we are on peak of using our

energy resources. and this is very much clear from previous
discussions that our non-renewable resources are on peak
of their use and one day ultimately they will vanish of their
existence from world.
• so we need to develop our renewable energy resources
more and more if we want to enjoy a peaceful and
satisfactory life in today’s energy hungry world…..

22
9. References

http://www.iea.org/stats/indicators.asp?Country_CODE
http://www.mbendi.com/indy/oilg/as/in/p000.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electricity_in_India
http://www.krishnaninc.com/power_India_01.pdf
http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.695.7988
&rep=rep1&type=pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1464343X15001
478

23
10. Acknowledgement
We would like to express our sincere thanks to the supervisor, Mr. Bhairab
Jyoti Gogoi , Assistant Professor, Department of Petroleum Engineering
for his morale boosting, meticulous guidance, co-operation and
supervision throughout this work.

24
Thank You

25