How?

Definitions:
 Curriculum
 planned learning opportunities offered to learners by
the educational institution and
 the experiences learners encounter when that
curriculum is implemented

 Schooling consists of the

 (overt) curriculum together with all the unplanned
 (hidden) learnings that students acquire
Definitions:
 Curriculum Development
 process of planning, designing, implementing, and
evaluating learning opportunities intended to
produce desired changes in learners

 Curriculum Design
 conceptualizing and arranging the elements of
curriculum into a coherent pattern
 Determinants of Curriculum
(forces that influence content & organization)
Philosophy Sociology Psychology

nature and value learners and

Studies of life and culture
of knowledge learning theory

what is real, true, basis of content of educational

& good beliefs curricula the objectives, student
Considers about MAN, school curriculum characteristics,
education and learning processes,
schooling reflects the nature
of society teaching methods
and evaluation
procedures
Philosophical Foundations
 What is the best education?
 What are schools for?
 What subjects are important?
 What outcomes should the schools achieve? Why?
Sociological Foundations
 What is the nature of society?
 What is the source of change?
 How can the schools become agents of change?
 What challenges/problems in society can affect
education?
 How can education manage change?
Psychological Foundations
 provides basis to understand the teaching and learning
process
 How do students learn ?
 What is the best way to teach students?

 unifies elements of the learning process.

 answers the following questions:
 How should curriculum be organized to enhance
learning?
 What is the optimal level of students’ participation in
learning the various contents of the curriculum?
 What conditions for learning can maximize abilities
of students?
Components of a Curriculum
 -Articulating a Philosophy
-Convening a Curriculum
-Defining the Program, Grade-
Curriculum Development Processes
Development Committee
Level and Course Goals
-Identifying Key Issues &
-Developing and Sequencing of
trends in the
Gr.-Level & Course Objectives
content Area
-Identifying Resource Materials
-Assessing needs
-Developing and/or Identifying
and issues
Assessment

-Updating the
program
-Determining Putting the New
the success of the Program into Practice
program