UNIT II.

THE NURSING PROCESS

IN CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
AND THERAPEUTICS
 NOT TASK-ORIENTED

RATHER a combination of the

principles of 10 R's with the Nursing
Process

-Prepare and administer drugs

-Evaluate responses to therapy
-teach the patient and family
-Seek consultation
-Make appropriate referrals
10 R's

1. Right patient 6. Right Education

2. Right drug 7. Right preparation

3. Right dose 8. Right storage

9. Right
4. Right route
documentation

5. Right time 10. Right to refuse

STEPS IN THE NURSING PROCESS

ASSESSMENT
Ongoing process; basis on which care is
planned, implemented and evaluated

Taking medical history

- Profile of current medication

- profile of drugs previously taken
-Conditions that require cautious administration of drug
Reasons:

1. Evaluate patient's need for medication

2. Obtain current and past use OTC,

prescribed, herbal and street drugs

3.Identify problems related to drug therapy

 Level of education

Social and Financial support

Pattern of Health care

Diagnosis

Based on the analysis of data

e.g. Noncompliance related to: patient's value system,

cognitive ability, cultural factors, or economic resources
Planning

Determine appropriate plan for drug administration

It should include the following steps:

1. therapeutic
intent
2. Side effects to
expect

3. Side effects to report

4.Recommended dose and route

5. Time of administration

6. Written records

7. Additional education as needed

on techniques of self administration

8. Proper storage
Nurse formulates instructional objectives
and design patient education

C Client centered

A Acceptable

R Realistic

E Evaluation component identified

S Shared with health care team

Implementation

Actual administration or initiation of medication

schedule or patient education program

3 Types of intervention in drug Therapy

A. Drug administration

10 R's

B. Comfort measures

C. Patient/family education
Key elements that should be included in any
drug education program are the following:

1. Name, dose and action of the drug

2. Time of administration

3. Special storage and preparation instructions

4. Specific OTC drugs or alternative therapies to avoid

5. Comfort or safety measures

 6. Safety measures

7. Specific points about drug toxicity

8. Specific Warnings about the drug discontinuation

Concepts of drug administration

1. Chemical agents alter or inactivate other drugs

2. Drug actions stimulate or depress physiologic
activity
3. A legally dependent function of the
nurse
 Evaluation

Check effectiveness of drug, side effects,

patient's compliance to therapy, ability to
self administer

Factors affecting success of Therapeutics

-Developmental consideration
-Genetic and cultural factors
-Accuracy of diagnosis
-knowledge of the disease
-Knowledge of drug
-Knowledge of psychological aspects of drug therapy
Roles of the Nurse

S Supervisor

P Planner

A Administrator

C Communicator

E Educator