FIGURATIVE

LANGUAGE
 ALLEGORY
An allegory is a term for a figure of speech. It is a story or picture with a hidden
meaning. The characters in allegories are symbols which represent particular ideas.
The story has a figurative meaning, not just a literal one.
3 TYPES OF ALLEGORY
Allegory in Literature
-The beauty of literature is that it's jam-packed with rhetorical devices.

Allegory in Art
-Visual art is a method of sharing ideas without using a single word.

Allegory in Movies
-Every story has a moral and, surely, every screenplay has a moral.
EXAMPLES:
LITERATURE
The Masque of the Red Death by Edgar Allan Poe
ARTS
Bronzino's Venus, Cupid, Folly and Time
MOVIES
The Wizard of Oz
 SYNECDOCHE
Synecdoche is a literary device in which a part of something represents the whole, or it may
use a whole to represent a part. Synecdoche may also use larger groups to refer to smaller groups,
or vice versa. It may also call a thing by the name of the material it is made of, or it may refer
to a thing in a container or packaging by the name of that container or packing.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYNECDOCHE AND
METONYMY
Synecdoche examples are often misidentified as metonymy (another literary
device). While they resemble one another to some extent, they are not the same.
Synecdoche refers to the whole of a thing by the name of any one of its parts. For
example, calling a car “wheels” is a synecdoche because a part of the car, its
“wheels,” stands for the whole car. However, in metonymy, the word used to
describe a thing is closely linked to that particular thing, but is not necessarily a
part of it. For example, using the word “crown” to refer to power or authority is a
metonymy, used to replace the word “king” or “queen.”
EXAMPLES:
 The word “bread” refers to food or money, as in
“Writing is my bread and butter,” or “He is the
sole breadwinner.”
 The phrase “gray beard” refers to an old man.
 The word “sails” refers to a whole ship.
 The word “suit” refers to a businessman.
 The word “boots” usually refers to soldiers.
 The term “coke” is a common synecdoche for all
carbonated drinks.
 “Pentagon” is a synecdoche when it refers to a
few decision makers.
 The word “glasses” refers to spectacles.
 Caesura
A caesura is a pause in a line of poetry that is formed by the rhythms of natural speech rather
than by metrics. A caesura will usually occur near the middle of a poetic line but can also occur at
the beginning or the end of a line. In poetry, there are two types of caesural breaks: feminine and
masculine. A caesura is usually indicated by the symbol // but can be indicated by a single crossed
line.
2 TYPES OF CAESURA
FEMININE CAESURA
-A feminine caesural pause occurs after a non-stressed and
short syllable in a poetic line. This is softer and less abrupt
than the masculine version. For instance:

“I hear lake water lapping // with low

sounds by the shore…”
(The Lake Isle of Innisfree by
William Butler Yeats)
MASCULINE CAESURA
-Masculine pause occurs after a long or accented syllable in a line. It
creates a staccato effect in the poem, such as:

“of reeds and stalk-crickets, || fiddling the

dank air,
lacing his boots with vines, || steering
glazed beetles”
(The Bounty by Derek Walcott)
 10 Items Quiz:
1. It is a term for a figure of speech.
2. What are the Three Types of Allegory?
3. It is a Literary Device in which a part of something represents the whole, or it
may use a whole to represent a Part.
4. What are the Two Types of Caesura?
5. It is a Caesural Pause occurs often a non-stressed and short syllable in a poetic
line.
6. It is a Caesural Pause occurs often a long or accented syllable in a line.
7. It is a Pause in a line of Poetry that is formed by the rhythms of natural speech
rather than by Metrics.
8. A Method of Sharing Ideas without using a single word.
9. What are the Three Types of Figurative Speech?
10.What is meant by the “Wheels” in the Synecdoche Example?
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