Becoming part of

society
IDENTITY
• The qualities, behavior, values, beliefs, personality, looks
and/or expressions that make a person.
• It is flexible and can therefore change according to
situations and circumstances.
Factors that contribute to change are:

• a. Environment
• b. Context
• c. Expectations From societies, groups, or other identities
that it interacts with.
Identity Formation: Three Major
Perspectives

• 1. Identity Theory -roles assigned to individuals

• 2. Social Identity Theory - group membership and
acceptance by the group
• 3. Personal Identity Theory - personal characteristics of
an individual
 Personality Characteristics of a person
arising from the interaction of:
• a. Genetics
• b. Socialization
• c. Enculturation
• d. Life experience
 Factors Influencing Sense of Self Control
Who or what controls your life?
• Internal -your own choices & decisions

• External -outside forces

• Culture provides everyone with norms, values,
expectations, and other information needed to
live with others in the group. Values and
norms of a society are passed on to or
acquired by its members through the process
of Enculturation.
Norms:
• Shared ideas and expectations about how certain
people ought to act in given situations
Values:
• Shared ideas or standards about the
worthwhileness of goals and lifestyle
Role
• set of norms, values, behaviors, and personality
characterictics attached to a status. An individual
may play one or more roles.
• According to sociologists, STATUS describes
the position a person occupies in a certain
situation. We all engage in various statues and
play the ROLES that may relate to them.
Role Conflict

• stems out from the challenging and opposing

pressures of two or more roles that struggle for
our time and attention. e.g. A student’s role is
different if the individual is a full-time student or a
working student.
Ascribed Status

• Fixed for an individual at birth.

• Include those based upon sex, age, race ethnic group and
family background.
Achieved Status
• Those which the individual acquires during his or her
lifetime because of the exercise of knowledge, ability,
skill and/or perseverance.
Gender Identity
• A personal understanding of oneself as male
or female.
Gender Role
A set of norms imposing the types of behaviors
which are usually considered acceptable, appropriate
or desirable for people grounded based on one’s real
or supposed sex or sexuality.
Conformity and
Deviance
Conformity and Deviance
• a. Social control (gossip, social ostracism, laws and punishment)

• b. Forms of deviance (ritualism, retreatism, rebellion, and

innovation
Conformity
• Adjusting one’s behavior or thinking to correspond with a
group criterion.
• The “chameleon effect”
• A social psychology phenomenon wherein people tend to
make themselves blend into the environment.
Why do people Conform?

• The need for acceptance and approval of others;

• Fear of embarrassment, ridicule, or rejection by

group.
Deviance
• The opposite of conformity.
• A behavior, trait, belief, or other attributes that
defies or violates a norm and triggers an
undesirable outcome.
 F orms of Deviance:
• 1. Innovation- acceptance of goals but not as means of reaching
them.
• 2. Ritualism- abandon of goals but maintain expected behaviors.
• 3. Retreatism- reject both goals and means of reaching them.
• 4. Rebellion- seek to substitute new goals and means for existing
goals and means.
• Purpose of sanctions:
• To encourage people to follow social norm.

• Importance of social control to society:

• • Social Stability- for society to function smoothly.
Human Dignity,
Rights and the
Common Good
• Human Dignity, Rights and the Common Good

“ Self-worth as the sense of one’s own value or

worth as a person”.
MAN AS A MEMBER OF A POLITICAL
COMMUNITY

• A member of a political community must be able

to internalize the Preamble of the Constitution by
heart.
 The preamble of the 1987 Philippine
constitution state

• We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of our

Almighty God, in order to built a just and humane society and
established a government that shall embody our ideals and
aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop
our patrimony, and secure ourselves and our prosperity the
blessings of Independence and democracy under the rule of law
and regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do
ordain and promulgate this Constitution
 CITIZENSHIP

• Has been defined as ―membership in a political

community which is personal and more or less
permanent in character. It is the status or character
of being a citizen.
 Bill of Rights
• Natural rights, civil rights, political rights, economic rights
as well as rights of the accused before, during and after
trial.
 Human rights

• Are rights inherent to all human beings, whatever

our nationality, place of residence, sex, national or
ethnic origin, color, religion, language, or any other
status.
 Human Dignity

• refers to an individual or group's sense of self-respect

and self-worth, physical and psychological integrity and
empowerment.
 INCLUSIVE CITIZENSHIP

• As citizens we always think of the promotion of the

common good or general welfare.
A responsible citizen promotes the common good by
obeying the law, paying taxes honestly, informing himself
about important political issues, volunteering in the
community and respecting the rights and opinions of
others.
 INCLUSIVE CITIZENSHIP

• A responsible citizen is willing to sacrifice his

individual interests for the collective good of the
nation. He remembers his civic duties and serves
his country despite any discomfort such a course
might bring.
Dignity of Human Person
Children and Elderly
Male or Female
Christianity, Buddhism, or Others
White or Black
Rich and Poor
 Concepts Concerning Human Dignity

• Individual’s possessions of basic rights.

• Basic respect of persons.
• Human being had a personal worth.
Dignity and Human Rights
• Human rights may be explained as those essential rights
of man necessary for the exercise of human dignity.
Two Kinds of Rights
Common Good
• Refers to the social condition that stimulates and upholds
the dignity of people, permitting them to attain
maximum potential and obtain the rights and privileges
essential for a favourable living.