Communication systems

COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS–VOICE, DATA, VIDEO,

LAN, HVAC, FIRE ALARM, SECURITY, AND CCTV

Communication systems cover a wide range of

voice, information processing, and signaling
systems used to connect users together or to
share information.

1.Phone systems
2.Data systems
3.Local Area Networks (LANs)
4.Building Automation and Control Systems
(BACS)
5.Sound Systems
PHONE SYSTEMS
Most commercial businesses require more than one
phone line, so that employees can receive phone calls
while other employees are making phone calls. This is
supported by a phone switch. Each telephone is
connected to the phone switch using UTP (Unshielded
Twisted Pair) copper cable

small phone switches called Key

Service Units (KSU)
large phone switch
called PBX (Private
Branch Exchange).

Small Business Phone Systems Large Business Phone Systems

 DATA SYSTEMS
Mainframe Computers
describe a mainframe or
minicomputer system.
Minicomputers
All applications ran on the centralized
computer system and all data was stored
on the minicomputer’s disk drives.

connected to a port on the

Users interacted with the minicomputer through
mainframe’s controller with a
terminals which were connected to a port on
communication cable
the minicomputer with a copper cable
support hundreds of
terminals
LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORKS) LAN is composed of the following
components.

LAN is defined as “a data communication system allowing •Computers

a number of independent devices to communicate directly
with each other and within a moderately sized geographic •Network Interface Card (NIC)
area.”
•Communication cable

•LAN hubs or switches

Each station on the LAN has a dedicated

cable connection to a port on the hub.
 BUILDING AUTOMATION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS
(BACS)
Build systems that regulate a building’s environment or
monitor it for safety or security purpose.

• BACS systems use a centralized control unit and

distributed sensors or devices.
• Each sensor is connected to a port on the centralized
control unit with a cable.
• The cable may also provides power from the central
unit to the sensor.

The following systems are all part of a BACS system.

•HVAC (Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning)

•Fire Alarm

•Security, access control, and CCTV (closed-circuit

television)
 Fire Alarm
HVAC (Heating, Ventilating, and Air Conditioning)
A fire alarm system consists of the follow
components.
The HVAC system provides building temperature, •Sensors
humidity, and environmental control. It has a •Sprinklers
centralized control unit, and thermostats placed •Lights and horns
throughout the building The centralized fire alarm control
panel is responsible for the detection,
Thermostats are connected to the control unit with
suppression and notification of fire.
cable and preset thresholds will trigger the
centralized control unit to turn on a mechanical
system to adjust the air pressure, rate of air flow,
and fan speeds

Central cooling system

The air exchange

Central heating system

Security, Access Control, and Closed Circuit 1) Security System
Television (CCTV) The security system is made up of the following
components:
•A centralized control unit
•Sensors
•Magnetic contact points
Security systems include the following types:

•Alarm systems to provide intruder detection

•Control system to provide restricted access to

specific areas of a building

•Closed circuit television systems to provide 24-

hour surveillance of building grounds and building
spaces.
3) CCTV System

Closed Circuit Television system is a video network

for security purpose.

• It is made up of video cameras placed

throughout a building and campus.

• The video cameras are wired to a headend with

coaxial cable.

• In turn, the headend sends the video signal to

television monitoring sets in a security office
SOUND SYSTEMS

Sound systems include overhead paging systems and

audio systems. Sound systems are used buildings for
many people, such as airports, department stores, and
sport stadiums.

Overhead paging system is used to broadcast messages

in a building such as airports and sport stadiums. Audio
systems are used in department stores to distribute music
and create a pleasant shopping environment.

A typical sound system is composed of the following

components:
•Sound source
•Amplifier
•Communication cable
•Speakers
2) Access Control System
Access control system is made
up of the following components:

•A centralized control unit

•Access points